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  1. Promoting your research in the digital age

    Article • December 2025, Edward Elgar Publishing

    Professor Paul E Spector

  2. Evaluation of an Authentic Leadership Intervention in a Hospital

    Article • Human Performance, June 2025, Taylor & Francis

    Professor Paul E Spector

  3. Understaffing as a Two‐Dimensional Phenomenon: A Cross‐Sectional Study of Hospital Nurses' Manpower and Expertise Understaffing

    Article • Journal of Advanced Nursing, February 2025, Wiley

    Professor Paul E Spector

  4. For Love or Money: Small Investor Motivations and Incentives in Equity Crowdfunding

    Article • Communications of the Association for Information Systems, January 2025, Association for Information Systems

    Professor Paul E Spector

  5. Activism or science? Navigating the tension between objectivity and advocacy in DEI research

    Article • Industrial and Organizational Psychology, November 2024, Cambridge University Press

    Professor Paul E Spector

  6. Travel nurse work experiences

    Article • Nursing Management, April 2024, Wolters Kluwer Health

    Professor Paul E Spector

  7. Defiance, Compliance, or Somewhere in Between: A Qualitative Study of How Employees Respond to Supervisors’ Unethical Requests

    Article • Human Performance, March 2024, Taylor & Francis

    Professor Paul E Spector

  8. Starting fresh: a mixed method study of follower job satisfaction, trust, and views of their leader’s behavior

    Article • Frontiers in Psychology, February 2024, Frontiers

    Professor Paul E Spector

  9. The dual nature of cyberloafing

    Article • Applied Psychology, May 2023, Wiley

    Professor Paul E Spector

  10. Is open science rewarding A while hoping for B?

    Article • Industrial and Organizational Psychology, December 2022, Cambridge University Press

    Professor Paul E Spector

  11. Clarifying the inconsistently observed curvilinear relationship between workload and employee attitudes and mental well-being

    Article • Work & Stress, September 2022, Taylor & Francis

    Winny Shen, Professor Paul E Spector

  12. Are Biasing Factors Idiosyncratic to Measures? A Comparison of Interpersonal Conflict, Organizational Constraints, and Workload

    Article • Journal of Business and Psychology, August 2022, Springer Science + Business Media

    Professor Paul E Spector

  13. The effects of industry risk level on safety training outcomes: A meta-analysis of intervention studies

    Article • Safety Science, August 2022, Elsevier

    Professor Paul E Spector

  14. Adding fuel to the fire: The exacerbating effects of calling intensity on the relationship between emotionally disturbing work and employee health.

    Article • Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, May 2022, American Psychological Association (APA)

    Stephanie Andel, Professor Paul E Spector

  15. How Can Organizational Leaders Help? Examining the Effectiveness of Leaders’ Support During a Crisis

    Article • Journal of Business and Psychology, April 2022, Springer Science + Business Media

    Professor Paul E Spector

  16. Job Satisfaction

    Article • January 2022, Taylor & Francis

    Professor Paul E Spector

  17. The lingering curvilinear effect of workload on employee rumination and negative emotions: A diary study

    Article • Work & Stress, December 2021, Taylor & Francis

    Professor Paul E Spector

  18. Will the real mistreatment please stand up? Examining the assumptions and measurement of bullying and incivility

    Article • Work & Stress, March 2021, Taylor & Francis

    Professor Paul E Spector

  19. Do social features help in video-centric online learning platforms? A social presence perspective

    Article • Computers in Human Behavior, December 2020, Elsevier

    Professor Paul E Spector

  20. Teaching for retention: I-O students should not be the shoemaker’s children

    Article • Industrial and Organizational Psychology, December 2020, Cambridge University Press

    Professor Paul E Spector

  21. Employee to leader crossover of workload and physical strain.

    Article • International Journal of Stress Management, November 2020, American Psychological Association (APA)

    Professor Paul E Spector

  22. Mastering the Use of Control Variables: the Hierarchical Iterative Control (HIC) Approach

    Article • Journal of Business and Psychology, August 2020, Springer Science + Business Media

    Professor Paul E Spector

  23. Examining temporal precedence between customer mistreatment and customer-directed counterproductive work behavior.

    Article • International Journal of Stress Management, August 2020, American Psychological Association (APA)

    Maryana Arvan , Professor Paul E Spector

  24. Emotion and Various Forms of Job Performance

    Article • July 2020, Cambridge University Press

    Professor Paul E Spector

  25. Job satisfaction and firm performance: Can employees’ job satisfaction change the trajectory of a firm’s performance?

    Article • Journal of Applied Social Psychology, July 2020, Wiley

    Professor Paul E Spector

  26. Workdays are not created equal: Job satisfaction and job stressors across the workweek

    Article • Human Relations, May 2020, SAGE Publications

    Professor Paul E Spector

  27. Split roles in peer reviewing

    Article • Industrial and Organizational Psychology, March 2020, Cambridge University Press

    Professor Paul E Spector

  28. “Walking the talk”: the role of frontline supervisors in preventing workplace accidents

    Article • European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, February 2020, Taylor & Francis

    Professor Paul E Spector

  29. How Cyberloafing at Work Can Help Employees Cope with Stress

    Article • Computers in Human Behavior, December 2019, Elsevier

    Professor Paul E Spector

  30. Too good for your job? Disentangling the relationships between objective overqualification, perceived overqualification, and job dissatisfaction

    Article • Journal of Vocational Behavior, December 2019, Elsevier

    Professor Paul E Spector

  31. Helping may be Harming: unintended negative consequences of providing social support

    Article • Work & Stress, November 2019, Taylor & Francis

    Professor Paul E Spector

  32. Introduction: Issues in the aggregation of climate scores

    Article • Journal of Organizational Behavior, November 2019, Wiley

    Professor Paul E Spector

  33. Introduction: The challenge–hindrance stressor model

    Article • Journal of Organizational Behavior, September 2019, Wiley

    Professor Paul E Spector

  34. Customer Service Stress: A Meta-Analysis of Customer Mistreatment

    Article • September 2019, Emerald

    Professor Paul E Spector

  35. The spillover effects of coworker, supervisor, and outsider workplace incivility on work‐to‐family conflict: A weekly diary design

    Article • Journal of Organizational Behavior, July 2019, Wiley

    Professor Paul E Spector

  36. How Often Do I Agree: an Experimental Test of Item Format Method Variance in Stress Measures

    Article • Occupational Health Science, May 2019, Springer Science + Business Media

    Professor Paul E Spector

  37. Information security climate and the assessment of information security risk among healthcare employees

    Article • Health Informatics Journal, March 2019, SAGE Publications

    Professor Paul E Spector

  38. Organizational constraints and performance: an indirect effects model

    Article • Journal of Managerial Psychology, March 2019, Emerald

    Professor Paul E Spector

  39. Do Not Cross Me: Optimizing the Use of Cross-Sectional Designs

    Article • Journal of Business and Psychology, January 2019, Springer Science + Business Media

    Professor Paul E Spector

  40. A Multilevel Study of Abusive Supervision, Norms, and Personal Control on Counterproductive Work Behavior: A Theory of Planned Behavior Approach

    Article • Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies, October 2018, SAGE Publications

    Professor Paul E Spector

  41. How Cyberloafing Helps Employees Deal with a Boring Job

    Article • Computers in Human Behavior, September 2018, Elsevier

    Professor Paul E Spector

  42. When antecedent becomes consequent: An examination of the temporal order of job dissatisfaction and verbal aggression exposure in a longitudinal study

    Article • Work & Stress, August 2018, Taylor & Francis

    Professor Paul E Spector

  43. The relationships between organizational citizenship behavior demands and extra-task behaviors.

    Article • The Psychologist-Manager Journal, August 2018, American Psychological Association (APA)

    Professor Paul E Spector

  44. Illegitimate tasks are not created equal: Examining the effects of attributions on unreasonable and unnecessary tasks

    Article • Work & Stress, July 2018, Taylor & Francis

    Professor Paul E Spector

  45. Digging deeper into the shared variance among safety-related climates: the need for a general safety climate measure

    Article • International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health, April 2018, Taylor & Francis

    Professor Paul E Spector

  46. The stressor–strain relationship in diary studies: A meta-analysis of the within and between levels

    Article • Work & Stress, March 2018, Taylor & Francis

    Professor Paul E Spector

  47. A content engagement score for online learning platforms

    Article • January 2018, ACM (Association for Computing Machinery)

    Professor Paul E Spector

  48. The Authors Speak: Six I-O Psychology Textbook Authors Discuss How They Decide What to Cite

    Article • Industrial and Organizational Psychology, November 2017, Cambridge University Press

    Professor Paul E Spector, Ronald Riggio

  49. Interpersonal Justice, Work Conflict, and the Value of Harmony

    Article • Applied Psychology, November 2017, Wiley

    Cong Liu, Professor Paul E Spector

  50. Puppet or Puppeteer? The Role of Resource Control in the Occupational Stress Process

    Article • August 2017, Emerald

    Professor Paul E Spector

  51. The Effects of Attribution Style and Stakeholder Role on Blame for the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill

    Article • Business & Society, July 2017, SAGE Publications

    Professor Paul E Spector

  52. Best practices in developing, conducting, and evaluating inductive research

    Article • Human Resource Management Review, June 2017, Elsevier

    Professor Paul E Spector

  53. Stressors beget stressors: The effect of passive leadership on employee health through workload and work–family conflict

    Article • Work & Stress, May 2017, Taylor & Francis

    Professor Paul E Spector

  54. http://paulspector.com/research-methods/lost-art-of-discovery/

    Article • Occupational Health Science, March 2017, Springer Science + Business Media

    Professor Paul E Spector

  55. Measurement Invariance of the Satisfaction With Life Scale Across 26 Countries

    Article • Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, March 2017, SAGE Publications

    Professor Paul E Spector

  56. A quantitative and qualitative review of what meta-analyses have contributed to our understanding of human resource management

    Article • Human Resource Management Review, March 2017, Elsevier

    Professor Paul E Spector

  57. A New Perspective on Method Variance: A Measure-Centric Approach

    Article • Journal of Management, January 2017, SAGE Publications

    Professor Paul E Spector

  58. Being Called to Safety

    Article • Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, December 2016, Wolters Kluwer Health

    Professor Paul E Spector

  59. Grin and Bear It?: Employees' Use of Surface Acting During Co-worker Conflict

    Article • Stress and Health, July 2016, Wiley

    Professor Paul E Spector

  60. Point/Counterpoint introduction: The future of theory in organizational behavior research

    Article • Journal of Organizational Behavior, July 2016, Wiley

    Professor Paul E Spector

  61. Explaining the surprisingly weak relationship between organizational constraints and job performance

    Article • Human Performance, May 2016, Taylor & Francis

    Professor Paul E Spector

  62. A test of safety, violence prevention, and civility climate domain-specific relationships with relevant workplace hazards

    Article • International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health, January 2016, Taylor & Francis

    Professor Paul E Spector

  63. Organizational constraints: a meta-analysis of a major stressor

    Article • Work & Stress, January 2016, Taylor & Francis

    Professor Paul E Spector

  64. The Future of Research Methods in Work and Occupational Health Psychology

    Article • Applied Psychology, December 2015, Wiley

    Professor Paul E Spector

  65. A comparison of individuals with unanswered callings to those with no calling at all

    Article • Journal of Vocational Behavior, December 2015, Elsevier

    Professor Paul E Spector

  66. A longitudinal investigation of the role of violence prevention climate in exposure to workplace physical violence and verbal abuse

    Article • Work & Stress, October 2015, Taylor & Francis

    Professor Paul E Spector

  67. Statistical control in correlational studies: 10 essential recommendations for organizational researchers

    Article • Journal of Organizational Behavior, September 2015, Wiley

    Professor Paul E Spector

  68. Discrete Negative Emotions and Counterproductive Work Behavior

    Article • Human Performance, July 2015, Taylor & Francis

    Professor Paul E Spector

  69. You want me to do what? Two daily diary studies of illegitimate tasks and employee well-being

    Article • Journal of Organizational Behavior, July 2015, Wiley

    Professor Paul E Spector

  70. Safety at Work: Individual and Organizational Factors in Workplace Accidents and Mistreatment

    Article • Research in Personnel and Human Resources Management, June 2015, Emerald

    Professor Paul E Spector

  71. Contextual Factors in Employee Mistreatment

    Article • June 2015, Emerald

    Professor Paul E Spector

  72. Introduction: The bright and dark sides of emotional labor

    Article • Journal of Organizational Behavior, May 2015, Wiley

    Professor Paul E Spector

  73. Cross-Cultural Research Methodology

    Article • Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior, April 2015, Annual Reviews

    Professor Juan I. Sanchez, Professor Paul E Spector, Cong Liu

  74. Seeking Clarity in a Linguistic Fog: Moderators of the Workplace Aggression-Strain Relationship

    Article • Human Performance, March 2015, Taylor & Francis

    Professor Paul E Spector

  75. Political skill: A proactive inhibitor of workplace aggression exposure and an active buffer of the aggression-strain relationship.

    Article • Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, January 2015, American Psychological Association (APA)

    Professor Paul E Spector

  76. Methodologies for the study of organizational behavior processes: How to find your keys in the dark

    Article • Journal of Organizational Behavior, November 2014, Wiley

    Professor Paul E Spector

  77. Sunk Cost Effect, Escalation of Commitment and the Principle of Fungibility: Consumers’ Reactions to Membership Cards

    Article • October 2014, Springer Science + Business Media

    Professor Paul E Spector

  78. Point/counterpoint introduction: Two views of organizational neuroscience

    Article • Journal of Organizational Behavior, September 2014, Wiley

    Professor Paul E Spector

  79. The Role of Personality and Job Stressors in Predicting Counterproductive Work Behavior: A three-way interaction

    Article • International Journal of Selection and Assessment, August 2014, Wiley

    Professor Paul E Spector

  80. Moving the Pendulum Back to the Middle: Reflections on and Introduction to the Inductive Research Special Issue of Journal of Business and Psychology

    Article • Journal of Business and Psychology, July 2014, Springer Science + Business Media

    Professor Paul E Spector

  81. Be Mindful of What You Impose on Your Colleagues: Implications of Social Burden for Burdenees' Well-being, Attitudes and Counterproductive Work Behaviour

    Article • Stress and Health, May 2014, Wiley

    Cong Liu, Professor Paul E Spector

  82. Introduction: The problems and promise of contemporary leadership theories

    Article • Journal of Organizational Behavior, April 2014, Wiley

    Professor Paul E Spector

  83. Re-examining Citizenship: How the Control of Measurement Artifacts Affects Observed Relationships of Organizational Citizenship Behavior and Organizational Variables

    Article • Human Performance, March 2014, Taylor & Francis

    Professor Paul E Spector

  84. Workplace mistreatment climate and potential employee and organizational outcomes: A meta-analytic review from the target’s perspective.

    Article • Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, January 2014, American Psychological Association (APA)

    Professor Paul E Spector

  85. Nurse exposure to physical and nonphysical violence, bullying, and sexual harassment: A quantitative review

    Article • International Journal of Nursing Studies, January 2014, Elsevier

    Professor Paul E Spector

  86. It's all about me: The role of narcissism in exacerbating the relationship between stressors and counterproductive work behaviour

    Article • Work & Stress, October 2013, Taylor & Francis

    Professor Paul E Spector

  87. Direct and indirect relationship between social stressors and job performance in Greater China: The role of strain and social support

    Article • European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, October 2013, Taylor & Francis

    Dr Chang-qin Lu, Professor Paul E Spector

  88. An expanded typology of conflict at work: Task, relationship and non-task organizational conflict as social stressors

    Article • Work & Stress, October 2013, Taylor & Francis

    Professor Paul E Spector

  89. A Critical Look at Ourselves: Do Male and Female Professors Respond the Same to Environment Characteristics?

    Article • Research in Higher Education, September 2013, Springer Science + Business Media

    Professor Paul E Spector

  90. Do leaders have an impact on the counterproductive behavior of their followers?

    Article • Negotiation and Conflict Management Research, July 2013, Wiley

    Professor Paul E Spector

  91. The Moderating Role of Gender in Relationships of Stressors and Personality with Counterproductive Work Behavior

    Article • Journal of Business and Psychology, April 2013, Springer Science + Business Media

    Professor Paul E Spector

  92. Survey Design and Measure Development

    Article • March 2013, Oxford University Press (OUP)

    Professor Paul E Spector

  93. The Link between National Paid Leave Policy and Work-Family Conflict among Married Working Parents

    Article • Applied Psychology, January 2013, Wiley

    Professor Paul E Spector

  94. Reciprocal effects of work stressors and counterproductive work behavior: A five-wave longitudinal study.

    Article • Journal of Applied Psychology, January 2013, American Psychological Association (APA)

    Professor Paul E Spector

  95. Relationship and task conflict at work: Interactive short-term effects on angry mood and somatic complaints.

    Article • Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, January 2013, American Psychological Association (APA)

    Professor Paul E Spector

  96. Introduction: The dark and light sides of organizational citizenship behavior

    Article • Journal of Organizational Behavior, November 2012, Wiley

    Professor Paul E Spector

  97. Psychosocial precursors and physical consequences of workplace violence towards nurses: A longitudinal examination with naturally occurring groups in hospital settings

    Article • International Journal of Nursing Studies, September 2012, Elsevier

    Professor Paul E Spector

  98. Relations of Interpersonal Unfairness with Counterproductive Work Behavior: The Moderating Role of Employee Self-Identity

    Article • Journal of Business and Psychology, July 2012, Springer Science + Business Media

    Professor Paul E Spector

  99. Self-Reports for Employee Selection

    Article • March 2012, Oxford University Press (OUP)

    Professor Paul E Spector

  100. Individualism–collectivism as a moderator of the work demands–strains relationship: A cross-level and cross-national examination

    Article • Journal of International Business Studies, January 2012, Nature

    Dr Chang-qin Lu, Professor Paul E Spector

  101. Introduction: General versus specific measures and the special case of core self-evaluations

    Article • Journal of Organizational Behavior, January 2012, Wiley

    Professor Paul E Spector

  102. Managers in Suits and Managers in Uniforms: Sources and Outcomes of Occupational Stress

    Article • International Journal of Police Science & Management, September 2011, SAGE Publications

    Professor Paul E Spector

  103. Violence-prevention climate, exposure to violence and aggression, and prevention behavior: A mediation model

    Article • Journal of Organizational Behavior, August 2011, Wiley

    Professor Paul E Spector

  104. Flexible Work Arrangements Availability and their Relationship with Work-to-Family Conflict, Job Satisfaction, and Turnover Intentions: A Comparison of Three Country Clusters

    Article • Applied Psychology, June 2011, Wiley

    Dr Chang-qin Lu, Professor Paul E Spector

  105. The deviant citizen: Measuring potential positive relations between counterproductive work behaviour and organizational citizenship behaviour

    Article • Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, May 2011, Wiley

    Professor Paul E Spector

  106. Bored employees misbehaving: The relationship between boredom and counterproductive work behaviour

    Article • Work & Stress, April 2011, Taylor & Francis

    Professor Paul E Spector

  107. What qualitative research has taught us about occupational stress

    Article • Stress and Health, April 2011, Wiley

    Professor Paul E Spector

  108. Examining Stress in Graduate Assistants

    Article • Journal of Mixed Methods Research, March 2011, SAGE Publications

    Professor Paul E Spector

  109. The interaction of job autonomy and conflict with supervisor in China and the United States: A qualitative and quantitative comparison.

    Article • International Journal of Stress Management, January 2011, American Psychological Association (APA)

    Professor Paul E Spector

  110. Emotional labor in china: do perceived organizational support and gender moderate the process?

    Article • Stress and Health, November 2010, Wiley

    Professor Paul E Spector

  111. The relationship of personality to counterproductive work behavior (CWB): An integration of perspectives

    Article • Human Resource Management Review, November 2010, Elsevier

    Professor Paul E Spector

  112. The weekend matters: Relationships between stress recovery and affective experiences

    Article • Journal of Organizational Behavior, November 2010, Wiley

    Professor Paul E Spector

  113. Re-Examining Machiavelli: A Three-Dimensional Model of Machiavellianism in the Workplace

    Article • Journal of Applied Social Psychology, August 2010, Wiley

    Professor Paul E Spector

  114. Cross-Cultural Occupational Health Psychology

    Article • August 2010, JSTOR

    Professor Paul E Spector

  115. Introduction: Should distinctions be made among different forms of mistreatment at work?

    Article • Journal of Organizational Behavior, June 2010, Wiley

    Professor Paul E Spector

  116. Methodological Urban Legends: The Misuse of Statistical Control Variables

    Article • Organizational Research Methods, June 2010, SAGE Publications

    Professor Paul E Spector

  117. Theorizing about the deviant citizen: An attributional explanation of the interplay of organizational citizenship and counterproductive work behavior

    Article • Human Resource Management Review, June 2010, Elsevier

    Professor Paul E Spector

  118. What Is Method Variance and How Can We Cope With It? A Panel Discussion

    Article • Organizational Research Methods, May 2010, SAGE Publications

    Professor Paul E Spector

  119. Common Method Issues: An Introduction to the Feature Topic in Organizational Research Methods

    Article • Organizational Research Methods, April 2010, SAGE Publications

    Professor Paul E Spector

  120. What Is the Real Relationship Between Positive and Negative Behaviors at Work?

    Article • Journal of Applied Psychology, January 2010, American Psychological Association (APA)

    Professor Paul E Spector

  121. Counterproductive Work Behavior and Organisational Citizenship Behavior: Are They Opposite Forms of Active Behavior?

    Article • Applied Psychology, January 2010, Wiley

    Professor Paul E Spector

  122. Sabbatical leave: Who gains and how much?

    Article • Journal of Applied Psychology, January 2010, American Psychological Association (APA)

    Professor Yochi Cohen-Charash, Professor Paul E Spector

  123. Cross-cultural differences on work-to-family conflict and role satisfaction: A Taiwanese-British comparison

    Article • Human Resource Management, January 2010, Wiley

    Professor Paul E Spector

  124. Replicating and Extending Past Personality/Job Satisfaction Meta-Analyses

    Article • Human Performance, March 2009, Taylor & Francis

    Professor Paul E Spector

  125. Antecedents and outcomes of a fourfold taxonomy of work-family balance in Chinese employed parents.

    Article • Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, January 2009, American Psychological Association (APA)

    Professor Paul E Spector

  126. Work resources, work-to-family conflict, and its consequences: A Taiwanese-British cross-cultural comparison.

    Article • International Journal of Stress Management, January 2009, American Psychological Association (APA)

    Professor Paul E Spector

  127. Direct and indirect conflicts at work in China and the US: A cross-cultural comparison

    Article • Work & Stress, October 2008, Taylor & Francis

    Professor Paul E Spector

  128. Job stress and well-being: An examination from the view of person-environment fit

    Article • Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, September 2008, Wiley

    Professor Paul E Spector

  129. Family-supportive organization perceptions, multiple dimensions of work–family conflict, and employee satisfaction: A test of model across five samples

    Article • Journal of Vocational Behavior, August 2008, Elsevier

    Professor Paul E Spector

  130. Introduction: on making a life in the organizational sciences

    Article • Journal of Organizational Behavior, August 2008, Wiley

    Professor Paul E Spector

  131. Organizational violence and aggression: Development of the three-factor Violence Climate Survey

    Article • Work & Stress, April 2008, Taylor & Francis

    Professor Paul E Spector

  132. Use of both qualitative and quantitative approaches to study job stress in different gender and occupational groups.

    Article • Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, January 2008, American Psychological Association (APA)

    Professor Paul E Spector

  133. CROSS-NATIONAL DIFFERENCES IN RELATIONSHIPS OF WORK DEMANDS, JOB SATISFACTION, AND TURNOVER INTENTIONS WITH WORK–FAMILY CONFLICT

    Article • Personnel Psychology, December 2007, Wiley

    Dr Chang-qin Lu, Professor Paul E Spector

  134. Getting the Job Done: The Moderating Role of Initiative on the Relationship Between Intrinsic Motivation and Adaptive Selling

    Article • Journal of Personal Selling and Sales Management, December 2007, Taylor & Francis

    Professor Paul E Spector

  135. Employees? Well-being in Greater China: The Direct and Moderating Effects of General Self-efficacy

    Article • Applied Psychology, April 2007, Wiley

    Dr Chang-qin Lu, Professor Paul E Spector

  136. Perceived violence climate: A new construct and its relationship to workplace physical violence and verbal aggression, and their potential consequences

    Article • Work & Stress, April 2007, Taylor & Francis

    Professor Paul E Spector

  137. Does your coworker know what you're doing? Convergence of self- and peer-reports of counterproductive work behavior.

    Article • International Journal of Stress Management, January 2007, American Psychological Association (APA)

    Professor Paul E Spector

  138. Introduction: conflict in organizations

    Article • Journal of Organizational Behavior, January 2007, Wiley

    Professor Paul E Spector

  139. Cross-national job stress: a quantitative and qualitative study

    Article • Journal of Organizational Behavior, January 2007, Wiley

    Professor Paul E Spector

  140. Service with a smile: Do emotional intelligence, gender, and autonomy moderate the emotional labor process?

    Article • Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, January 2007, American Psychological Association (APA)

    Professor Paul E Spector

  141. A three-phase study to develop and validate a Chinese coping strategies scales in Greater China

    Article • Personality and Individual Differences, August 2006, Elsevier

    Professor Paul E Spector

  142. The dimensionality of counterproductivity: Are all counterproductive behaviors created equal?

    Article • Journal of Vocational Behavior, June 2006, Elsevier

    Professor Paul E Spector

  143. Method Variance in Organizational Research

    Article • Organizational Research Methods, April 2006, SAGE Publications

    Professor Paul E Spector

  144. The social stressors-counterproductive work behaviors link: Are conflicts with supervisors and coworkers the same?

    Article • Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, January 2006, American Psychological Association (APA)

    Professor Paul E Spector

  145. The relation of job control with job strains: A comparison of multiple data sources

    Article • Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, September 2005, Wiley

    Professor Paul E Spector

  146. FURTHER VALIDATION OF CARLSON, KACMAR, AND WILLIAMS' (2000) WORK-FAMILY CONFLICT MEASURE.

    Article • Academy of Management Proceedings, August 2005, The Academy of Management

    Professor Paul E Spector

  147. Counterproductive work behavior: Investigations of actors and targets.

    Article • January 2005, American Psychological Association (APA)

    Professor Paul E Spector

  148. Job stress, incivility, and counterproductive work behavior (CWB): the moderating role of negative affectivity

    Article • Journal of Organizational Behavior, January 2005, Wiley

    Professor Paul E Spector

  149. Sexual Versus Nonsexual Workplace Aggression and Victims' Overall Job Satisfaction: A Meta-Analysis.

    Article • Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, January 2005, American Psychological Association (APA)

    Professor Paul E Spector

  150. Work stress, self-efficacy, Chinese work values, and work well-being in Hong Kong and Beijing.

    Article • International Journal of Stress Management, January 2005, American Psychological Association (APA)

    Professor Paul E Spector

  151. International and Cross Cultural Issues

    Article • January 2005, SAGE Publications

    Professor Paul E Spector

  152. The Effect of Action Orientation on the Academic Performance of Undergraduate Marketing Majors

    Article • Journal of Marketing Education, December 2004, SAGE Publications

    Professor Paul E Spector

  153. A CROSS-NATIONAL COMPARATIVE STUDY OF WORK-FAMILY STRESSORS, WORKING HOURS, AND WELL-BEING: CHINA AND LATIN AMERICA VERSUS THE ANGLO WORLD

    Article • Personnel Psychology, March 2004, Wiley

    Professor Paul E Spector

  154. Eastern versus Western Control Beliefs at Work: An Investigation of Secondary Control, Socioinstrumental Control, and Work Locus of Control in China and the US

    Article • Applied Psychology, January 2004, Wiley

    Professor Paul E Spector

  155. Measurement Equivalence of the German Job Satisfaction Survey Used in a Multinational Organization: Implications of Schwartz's Culture Model.

    Article • Journal of Applied Psychology, January 2004, American Psychological Association (APA)

    Professor Paul E Spector

  156. A Cross-National Comparative Study of Work/Family Demands and Resources

    Article • International Journal of Cross Cultural Management, December 2003, SAGE Publications

    Professor Paul E Spector

  157. Reducing subjectivity in the assessment of the job environment: development of the Factual Autonomy Scale (FAS)

    Article • Journal of Organizational Behavior, January 2003, Wiley

    Professor Paul E Spector

  158. Coping strategies among Swedish female and male managers in an international context.

    Article • International Journal of Stress Management, January 2003, American Psychological Association (APA)

    Professor Paul E Spector

  159. Family-responsive interventions, perceived organizational and supervisor support, work-family conflict, and psychological strain.

    Article • International Journal of Stress Management, January 2003, American Psychological Association (APA)

    Professor Paul E Spector

  160. Erratum to “The role of justice in organizations: A meta-analysis” [Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes 86 (2001) 278–321]

    Article • Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, November 2002, Elsevier

    Professor Yochi Cohen-Charash, Professor Paul E Spector

  161. Managerial Stress in Greater China: The Direct and Moderator Effects of Coping Strategies and Work Locus of Control

    Article • Applied Psychology, October 2002, Wiley

    Professor Paul E Spector

  162. Employee Control and Occupational Stress

    Article • Current Directions in Psychological Science, August 2002, SAGE Publications

    Professor Paul E Spector

  163. A Comparative Study of Perceived Job Stressor Sources and Job Strain in American and Iranian Managers

    Article • Applied Psychology, June 2002, Wiley

    Professor Paul E Spector

  164. Emotions in the workplace

    Article • Human Resource Management Review, June 2002, Elsevier

    Professor Paul E Spector

  165. An emotion-centered model of voluntary work behavior

    Article • Human Resource Management Review, June 2002, Elsevier

    Professor Paul E Spector

  166. The Relation between Work–Family Conflict and Job Satisfaction: A Finer-Grained Analysis

    Article • Journal of Vocational Behavior, June 2002, Elsevier

    Professor Paul E Spector

  167. LOCUS OF CONTROL AND WELL-BEING AT WORK: HOW GENERALIZABLE ARE WESTERN FINDINGS?

    Article • Academy of Management Journal, April 2002, The Academy of Management

    Professor Paul E Spector

  168. Building an Integrative Model of Extra Role Work Behaviors: A Comparison of Counterproductive Work Behavior with Organizational Citizenship Behavior

    Article • International Journal of Selection and Assessment, March 2002, Wiley

    Professor Paul E Spector

  169. Counterproductive Work Behavior (CWB) in Response to Job Stressors and Organizational Justice: Some Mediator and Moderator Tests for Autonomy and Emotions

    Article • Journal of Vocational Behavior, December 2001, Elsevier

    Professor Paul E Spector

  170. Do national levels of individualism and internal locus of control relate to well-being: an ecological level international study

    Article • Journal of Organizational Behavior, November 2001, Wiley

    Professor Paul E Spector

  171. The Role of Justice in Organizations: A Meta-Analysis

    Article • Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, November 2001, Elsevier

    Professor Yochi Cohen-Charash, Professor Paul E Spector

  172. An International Study of the Psychometric Properties of the Hofstede Values Survey Module 1994: A Comparison of Individual and Country/Province Level Results

    Article • Applied Psychology, April 2001, Wiley

    Professor Paul E Spector

  173. Age differences in coping and locus of control: A study of managerial stress in Hong Kong.

    Article • Psychology and Aging, January 2001, American Psychological Association (APA)

    Professor Paul E Spector

  174. The Relation of Cognitive Ability and Personality Traits to Assessment Center Performance

    Article • Journal of Applied Social Psychology, July 2000, Wiley

    Professor Paul E Spector

  175. The Relation of Candidate Personality With Selection-Interview Outcomes

    Article • Journal of Applied Social Psychology, April 2000, Wiley

    Professor Paul E Spector

  176. Relations of emotional intelligence, practical intelligence, general intelligence, and trait affectivity with interview outcomes: it's not all just ‘G’

    Article • Journal of Organizational Behavior, March 2000, Wiley

    Professor Paul E Spector

  177. Relations of emotional intelligence, practical intelligence, general intelligence, and trait affectivity with interview outcomes: it's not all just ?G?

    Article • Journal of Organizational Behavior, March 2000, Wiley

    Professor Paul E Spector

  178. Using the Job-Related Affective Well-Being Scale (JAWS) to investigate affective responses to work stressors.

    Article • Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, January 2000, American Psychological Association (APA)

    Professor Paul E Spector

  179. Using the Job-Related Affective Well-Being Scale (JAWS) to investigate affective responses to work stressors.

    Article • Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, January 2000, American Psychological Association (APA)

    Professor Paul E Spector

  180. A longitudinal study of relations between job stressors and job strains while controlling for prior negative affectivity and strains.

    Article • Journal of Applied Psychology, January 2000, American Psychological Association (APA)

    Professor Paul E Spector

  181. Article • International Journal of Stress Management, January 2000, American Psychological Association (APA)

    Professor Paul E Spector

  182. Article • International Journal of Stress Management, January 2000, American Psychological Association (APA)

    Professor Paul E Spector

  183. A model of work frustration–aggression

    Article • Journal of Organizational Behavior, November 1999, Wiley

    Professor Paul E Spector

  184. A model of work frustration-aggression

    Article • Journal of Organizational Behavior, November 1999, Wiley

    Professor Paul E Spector

  185. The role of negative affectivity in employee reactions to job characteristics: Bias effect or substantive effect?

    Article • Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, June 1999, Wiley

    Professor Paul E Spector

  186. Article • International Journal of Stress Management, January 1999, American Psychological Association (APA)

    Professor Paul E Spector

  187. Development of four self-report measures of job stressors and strain: Interpersonal Conflict at Work Scale, Organizational Constraints Scale, Quantitative Workload Inventory, and Physical Symptoms Inventory.

    Article • Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, January 1998, American Psychological Association (APA)

    Professor Paul E Spector

  188. When Two Factors Don’t Reflect Two Constructs: How Item Characteristics Can Produce Artifactual Factors

    Article • Journal of Management, October 1997, SAGE Publications

    Professor Paul E Spector

  189. Relation Between Negative Affectivity and Positive Affectivity: Effects of Judged Desirability of Scale Items and Respondents' Social Desirability

    Article • Journal of Personality Assessment, August 1997, Taylor & Francis

    Professor Paul E Spector

  190. The Impact of Cross-Training on Team Functioning: An Empirical Investigation

    Article • Human Factors The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, March 1996, SAGE Publications

    Professor Paul E Spector

  191. Validity Generalization for Cognitive, Psychomotor, and perceptual Tests for Craft Jobs in the Utility Industry

    Article • Human Performance, March 1996, Taylor & Francis

    Professor Paul E Spector

  192. The impact of negative affectivity on stressor-strain relations: A replication and extension

    Article • Work & Stress, January 1996, Taylor & Francis

    Professor Paul E Spector

  193. Introduction

    Article • Journal of Organizational Behavior, May 1995, Wiley

    Professor Paul E Spector

  194. Relations of incumbent affect-related personality traits with incumbent and objective measures of characteristics of jobs

    Article • Journal of Organizational Behavior, January 1995, Wiley

    Professor Paul E Spector

  195. Using self-report questionnaires in OB research: A comment on the use of a controversial method

    Article • Journal of Organizational Behavior, September 1994, Wiley

    Professor Paul E Spector

  196. The contribution of personality traits, negative affectivity, locus of control and Type A to the subsequent reports of job stressors and job strains

    Article • Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, March 1994, Wiley

    Professor Paul E Spector

  197. Relationships of work stressors with aggression, withdrawal, theft and substance use: An exploratory study

    Article • Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, September 1992, Wiley

    Professor Paul E Spector

  198. Summated Rating Scale Construction

    Article • January 1992, SAGE Publications

    Professor Paul E Spector

  199. Confirmatory Test of a Turnover Model Utilizing Multiple Data Sources

    Article • Human Performance, September 1991, Taylor & Francis

    Professor Paul E Spector

  200. Negative affectivity as the underlying cause of correlations between stressors and strains.

    Article • Journal of Applied Psychology, January 1991, American Psychological Association (APA)

    Professor Paul E Spector

  201. Relations of job characteristics from multiple data sources with employee affect, absence, turnover intentions, and health.

    Article • Journal of Applied Psychology, January 1991, American Psychological Association (APA)

    Professor Paul E Spector

  202. Relationships of work stress measures for employees with the same job

    Article • Work & Stress, January 1991, Taylor & Francis

    Professor Paul E Spector

  203. Estimation Problems in the Block-Diagonal Model of the Multitrait-Multimethod Matrix

    Article • Applied Psychological Measurement, December 1990, SAGE Publications

    Professor Paul E Spector

  204. THE GENERALIZABILITY OF SOCIAL INFORMATION PROCESSING TO ORGANIZATIONAL SETTINGS: A SUMMARY OF TWO FIELD EXPERIMENTS

    Article • Perceptual and Motor Skills, December 1989, SAGE Publications

    Professor Paul E Spector

  205. Development of the Work Locus of Control Scale

    Article • Journal of Occupational Psychology, December 1988, Wiley

    Professor Paul E Spector

  206. Relation of job stressors to affective, health, and performance outcomes: A comparison of multiple data sources.

    Article • Journal of Applied Psychology, January 1988, American Psychological Association (APA)

    Professor Paul E Spector

  207. Relationships of organizational frustration with reported behavioural reactions: The moderating effect of locus of control

    Article • Journal of Occupational Psychology, September 1987, Wiley

    Professor Paul E Spector

  208. Interactive effects of perceived control and job stressors on affective reactions and health outcomes for clerical workers

    Article • Work & Stress, April 1987, Taylor & Francis

    Professor Paul E Spector

  209. Meta-analysis for integrating study outcomes: A Monte Carlo study of its susceptibility to Type I and Type II errors.

    Article • Journal of Applied Psychology, January 1987, American Psychological Association (APA)

    Professor Paul E Spector

  210. Method variance as an artifact in self-reported affect and perceptions at work: Myth or significant problem?

    Article • Journal of Applied Psychology, January 1987, American Psychological Association (APA)

    Professor Paul E Spector

  211. Unemployment, job satisfaction, and employee turnover: A meta-analytic test of the Muchinsky model.

    Article • Journal of Applied Psychology, January 1987, American Psychological Association (APA)

    Professor Paul E Spector

  212. Perceived Control by Employees: A Meta-Analysis of Studies Concerning Autonomy and Participation at Work

    Article • Human Relations, November 1986, SAGE Publications

    Professor Paul E Spector

  213. A cross-cultural comparison of job satisfaction dimensions in the United States and Singapore

    Article • Applied Psychology, April 1986, Wiley

    Professor Paul E Spector

  214. Measurement of human service staff satisfaction: Development of the Job Satisfaction Survey

    Article • American Journal of Community Psychology, December 1985, Wiley

    Professor Paul E Spector

  215. Higher-order need strength as a moderator of the job scope-employee outcome relationship: A meta-analysis

    Article • Journal of Occupational Psychology, June 1985, Wiley

    Professor Paul E Spector

  216. An information system for mental health agencies: Some guidelines for nonprogrammers

    Article • Administration in Mental Health, January 1984, Springer Science + Business Media

    Professor Paul E Spector

  217. Locus of Control and Social Influence Susceptibility: Are Externals Normative or Informational Conformers?

    Article • The Journal of Psychology, November 1983, Taylor & Francis

    Professor Paul E Spector

  218. A note on item order as an artifact in organizational surveys

    Article • Journal of Occupational Psychology, March 1983, Wiley

    Professor Paul E Spector

  219. Knowledge Adequacies and Training Needs of Rehabilitation Educators

    Article • Counselor Education and Supervision, March 1983, Wiley

    Professor Paul E Spector

  220. Measuring program effectiveness: Self-report versus objective indicators of recidivism

    Article • American Journal of Community Psychology, October 1982, Wiley

    Professor Paul E Spector

  221. Behavior in organizations as a function of employee's locus of control.

    Article • Psychological Bulletin, January 1982, American Psychological Association (APA)

    Professor Paul E Spector

  222. Causes of employee turnover: A test of the Mobley, Griffeth, Hand, and Meglino model.

    Article • Journal of Applied Psychology, January 1982, American Psychological Association (APA)

    Professor Paul E Spector

  223. Multivariate data analysis for outcome studies

    Article • American Journal of Community Psychology, February 1981, Wiley

    Professor Paul E Spector

  224. A Monte Carlo study of three approaches to nonorthogonal analysis of variance.

    Article • Journal of Applied Psychology, January 1981, American Psychological Association (APA)

    Professor Paul E Spector

  225. Research Designs

    Article • January 1981, SAGE Publications

    Professor Paul E Spector

  226. Handling Nonorthogonal Analysis of Variance

    Article • Evaluation Review, December 1980, SAGE Publications

    Professor Paul E Spector

  227. Ratings of Equal and Unequal Response Choice Intervals

    Article • The Journal of Social Psychology, October 1980, Taylor & Francis

    Professor Paul E Spector

  228. Further data on psychotherapy and the poor.

    Article • American Psychologist, January 1980, American Psychological Association (APA)

    Professor Paul E Spector

  229. Redundancy and dimensionality as determinants of data analytic strategies in multivariate analysis of variance.

    Article • Journal of Applied Psychology, January 1980, American Psychological Association (APA)

    Professor Paul E Spector

  230. Reassurance: A Mechanism by Which the Presence of others Reduces Anxiety

    Article • The Journal of Social Psychology, October 1979, Taylor & Francis

    Professor Paul E Spector

  231. ORGANIZATIONAL FRUSTRATION: A MODEL AND REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE

    Article • Personnel Psychology, December 1978, Wiley

    Professor Paul E Spector

  232. Does the Presence of Others Reduce Anxiety?

    Article • The Journal of Social Psychology, August 1978, Taylor & Francis

    Professor Paul E Spector

  233. What to do with significant multivariate effects in multivariate analyses of variance.

    Article • Journal of Applied Psychology, January 1977, American Psychological Association (APA)

    Professor Paul E Spector

  234. Choosing response categories for summated rating scales.

    Article • Journal of Applied Psychology, January 1976, American Psychological Association (APA)

    Professor Paul E Spector

  235. POPULATION DENSITY AND UNEMPLOYMENT. The Effects on the Incidence of Violent Crime in the American City

    Article • Criminology, February 1975, Wiley

    Professor Paul E Spector

  236. Relationships of organizational frustration with reported behavioral reactions of employees.

    Article • Journal of Applied Psychology, January 1975, American Psychological Association (APA)

    Professor Paul E Spector

  237. Obedience as a function of experimenter competence

    Article • Memory & Cognition, September 1973, Springer Science + Business Media

    Professor Paul E Spector

  238. Emotions, Violence, and Counterproductive Work Behavior

    Article • SAGE Publications

    Professor Paul E Spector

  239. The Stressor-Emotion Model of Counterproductive Work Behavior.

    Article • American Psychological Association (APA)

    Professor Paul E Spector

  240. Concluding Thoughts: Where Do We Go From Here?

    Article • American Psychological Association (APA)

    Professor Paul E Spector

  241. The Many Roles of Control in a Stressor-Emotion Theory of Counterproductive Work Behavior

    Article • Emerald

    Professor Paul E Spector

  242. A critical look at ourselves: Reviewing gender, satisfaction, and performance

    Article • American Psychological Association (APA)

    Professor Paul E Spector

  243. Counterproductive Work Behaviors, Interpersonal Deviance

    Article • SAGE Publications

    Professor Paul E Spector

  244. Organizational Machiavellianism Scale

    Article • American Psychological Association (APA)

    Professor Paul E Spector

  245. Violence climate, exposure, and prevention performance: A mediation model

    Article • American Psychological Association (APA)

    Professor Paul E Spector

  246. Pulling the Pieces Apart: Stressors and CWB in the Customer Service Domain

    Article • American Psychological Association (APA)

    Professor Paul E Spector

  247. Is Machiavellianianism inherently bad? A reexamination of previously held views

    Article • American Psychological Association (APA)

    Professor Paul E Spector

  248. Health Consequences of Work–Family Conflict: The Dark Side of the Work–Family Interface

    Article • Emerald

    Professor Paul E Spector

  249. Personality research in the organizational sciences

    Article • Research in Personnel and Human Resources Management, Emerald

    Professor Paul E Spector