On the Evolution of Poland’s Position in the Global Economy in 2003–2012

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The above arguments have to find their support in specific policy measures. Currently, in terms of state support for firm internationalisation, the Polish system of incentives for firm internationalisation still remains limited in its scope and dispersed over a range of institutions. While the Export Credit Insurance Corporation kuke has existed since 1991, its scope of activities has remained relatively limited. The same can be said of the Bank of National Economy (bgk), which had existed in the previous political and economic system, but only introduced export credits and loan guarantees or subsidies and loans for foreign direct investment. In 2000, the Polish Agency for Enterprise Development (parp) was established to foster sme development, including their overseas promotion and matchmaking. Furthermore, grants for export promotion, or the Polish export promotion portal featuring information on foreign markets and a database of foreign business inquiries and tenders, are offered by the Ministry of Economy. At the same time, Trade and Investment Promotion Sections of Polish Embassies deal with the promotion of Polish business in other countries, information on foreign markets, matchmaking or assistance in organisation of economic missions. Clearly, the spectrum of instruments dedicated to fostering Polish exports and their geographic diversification is not narrow, however the responsibilities are dispersed between different institutions, which results in overlaps and increased transaction costs for the firms in search of support.

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