Presentation
An Overview of Concentrated Solar Power (CSP)Technologies and its Opportunities in Bangladesh 1. An Overview of Concentrated Solar Power (CSP)Technologies and its Opportunities in Bangladesh Authors Rabiul Islam, A. B. M. Noushad Bhuiyan, Md. Wali Ullah Presented by A. B. M. Noushad Bhuiyan 4th Year Student Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Chittagong University of Engineering and Technology
2. Table of Content Introduction Motivation Technology Outline Description Of Technology Present Scenario Of CSP In World Power Scenario Of Bangladesh Opportunities In Bangladesh Suitable Placement Of CSP Technologies Future Work & Conclusion Important References
3. Introduction Energy crisis is the most familiar and disquieting matter. Suitable and reliable energy sources are the best solution. There are two type of energy sources: conventional energy and renewable. Due to decrement and limitation of conventional energy sources, we have to looking forward to ‘green energy’ for electricity generation.
4. Motivation Solar power is the conversion of sunlight into electricity, either directly using (PV), or indirectly using concentrated solar power (CSP). Photovoltaics convert light into electric current using the photoelectric effect. Concentrated solar power systems use lenses or mirrors and tracking systems to focus a large area of sunlight into a small beam.
5. Motivation(Cont.) The concentrated heat is then used as a heat source for a conventional power plant. Most developed are the parabolic trough, the concentrating linear Fresnel reflector, the Stirling dish and the solar power tower. In all of these systems a working fluid is heated by the concentrated sunlight, and is then used for power generation or energy storage.
6. Technology Outline General working diagram of CSP Technology:
7. Description Of Technology CSP SYSTEM Line focusing Parabolic trough Liner Fresnel reflector Point focusing Solar tower Solar dish
8. Parabolic Trough A parabolic trough consists of a linear parabolic reflector that concentrates light onto a receiver positioned along the reflector's focal line. The receiver is a tube positioned right above the middle of the parabolic mirror and is filled with a working fluid.
9. Commercial CSP Parabolic Trough Central Tower Dish Stirling Fresnel Collector • Temp~400°C • Line Focusing • Linear Receiver tube • Water consuming • Conc. Parabolic Mirrors • Heat Storage feasible • Most Commercialized • Good for Hybrid option • Requires flat land • Good receiver η but low turbine η
10. WORKING DIAGRAM FOR PARABOLIC TROUGH
11. Liner Fresnel Reflector It’s another line focusing technology. It’s also single axis tracking mirror aligned along a north-south axis, able to track sun from east to west . Different from PTC is it uses Fresnel reflector which are flat in shape and pipe is distant from the reflection unit. The pipe is connected to the steam turbine to produce electricity conventionally by producing mechanical torque. The system is easier to install, easy production, cost effective, cheaper than other CSP system
12. Commercial CSP Parabolic Trough Central Tower Dish Stirling Fresnel Collector • Temp~400°C • Line Focusing type • Linear receiver • Fixed absorber row shared among mirrors • Flat or curved conc. mirrors • Commercially under development • Less Structures • 5 MW operational in CA
13. SOLAR TOWER Uses a large field of flat, sun-tracking mirrors known as heliostats to focus and concentrate sunlight onto a receiver on the top of a tower. A heat-transfer fluid heated in the receiver is used to generate steam.
14. Commercial CSP Parabolic Trough Central Tower Dish Stirling Fresnel Collector • Temp~600-800°C • Point Focusing • Flat Conc. Mirrors • Commercially proven • Central Receiver • Water consuming • Heat Storage capability • Feasible on Non Flat sites • Good performance for large capacity & temperatures • Low receiver η but good turbine η
15. WORKING DIAGRAM FOR SOLAR TOWER
16. PARABOLIC DISH Uses a mirrored dish similar to a very large satellite dish. The dish-shaped surface directs and concentrates sunlight onto a thermal receiver, which absorbs and collects the heat and transfers it to the engine generator. The most common type of heat engine used today in dish/engine systems is the Stirling engine. The mechanical power is then used to run a generator or alternator to produce electricity.
17. Commercial CSP Parabolic Trough Central Tower Dish Stirling Fresnel Collector • Temp~700-800°C • Point Focusing • Uses Dish concentrator • Stirling Engine • Generally 25 kW units • High Efficiency ~ 30% • Dry cooling • No water requirement • Heat storage difficult • Commercially under development • Dual Axis Tracking
18. Present Scenario Of CSP In World After introducing in 1990, CSP is getting popular more and more. In last seven years, Global CSP capacity has more than 5 times increasing to almost 5GW in October 2016 from less than 1GW in 2010. Approximately 4,810.55MW CSP power plant all over the world is now under operation, over 1466.9MW is under construction.
19. Present Scenario Of CSP (Cont.) Technology World capacity 2009(MWe) a World capacity 2012 (MWe) b World capacity 2016 (MWe) c Opera- tional [MW] Under construc- tion [MW] Plann- ing phase[M W] Opera- tional [MW] Under Construc- tion [MW] Planning phase [MW] Operat-ional [MW] Under Construction [MW] Planning Phase [MW] Parabolic Trough 570 1690 5775 778 1400 8144 4109 715 530 Solar Tower 8.4 22 1514 44 17 1664 627.9 461.4 2330 Parabolic Dish .5 1600.08 2 1 2247 2 2.5 72.08 Linear Fresnel 34 487 9 30 134 37.65 117 10
20. Power Scenario Of Bangladesh Present installation capacity is 13,151MW. Govt. plan to is to add about 11600 MW generation capacity in next 5 years According to the United States Energy Association (USA) the energy supply deficiency in Bangladesh is 19%. 200MW solar PV plant is going to under construction in Cox’s- Bazar.
21. Opportunities In Bangladesh In Bangladesh, there is abundant of solar radiation. For CSP technology there is needed annual average Direct Normal irradiations(DNI) 2000KWh/m².
22. Opportunities In Bangladesh(Cont.)
23. Opportunities In Bangladesh(Cont.) Labour cost is cheaper in Bangladesh than any other developed countries, so 15% cost reduction might be possible. Raw materials of most of CSP power plants are glass and steel sheet. Bangladesh has become self-sufficient in glass production. Now glasses are being exported in many countries More than 400 steel re-rolling company is under operation in Bangladesh.
24. Suitable placement of CSP technologies Thermal storage system makes it more preferable because it continued operation at night time and cloudy days. Parabolic trough is highly developed and it deserves the most commercial experiences. It is suitable for large scale power generation though it’s require large area. In Bangladesh, it is suitable for west Bangle, hilly region, river bank. Power tower technologies require high temperature producing facilities and less land compare to parabolic trough. It is suitable in desert area of the country.
25. Suitable Placement(Cont.) Parabolic Dish system is the most efficient CSP system though it is undergoing development to make the system more cost effective. It could use to enable an interconnected power generation system at the multistoried building’s roof top of the mega cities. Linear Fresnel system is cost effective than parabolic trough and solar tower though it’s requires large land areas for setting up. It is suitable for rural area and also in cultivable land.
26. Future Work & Conclusion Bangladesh is a non-oil producing country, coal reserves will last for only the next few decades, recoverable gas will be depleted soon. In future solar energy will be the major energy source in Bangladesh. A pilot project should be taken as early as possible to verify the feasibility of non-polluting and CO2 emission free CSP technology. In Bangladesh, parabolic trough is suitable for large scale power generation. Solar tower power plant should be in second option by considering land utilization. On the other hand Parabolic dish is suitable for small scale power generation units.
27. Important References [1] N. Noor and S. Muneer, ‘‘Concentrating solar power (CSP) and its prospect in Bangladesh’’, 2009 1st International Conference on the Developments in Renewable Energy Technology (ICDRET), IEEE Conference Proceedings, pp. 1-5, 2009. [2] G. T. Machinda, S. Chowdhury, R. Arscott, S. P. Chowdhury, S. Kibaara, ‘‘Concentrating Solar Thermal Power Technologies: A review’’, 2011 Annual IEEE India Conference, pp. 1-6, 2011. [3] R. Wilson and J. Prange, ‘‘Concentrated solar power: What a South African company has learned from designing, building and commercialising a Linear Fresnel Concentrated Solar Thermal Power (CSP) plant’’, 2013 Proceedings of the 10th Industrial and Commercial Use of Energy Conference, pp. 1-4, 2013. [4] R.A. Manuel, ‘‘Concentrating Solar Thermal Power’’, CIEMAT-Plataforma Solar de Almeria, Handbook of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, 2007. [5] A. Barua, S. Chakraborti, D. Paul and P. Das, ‘‘analysis of concentrated solar power technologies’ feasibility, selection and promotional strategy for Bangladesh,’’Journal of Mechanical Engineering, vol-44, no.2, 2015.
