What is it about?

Some scholars claim long- standing relations between Brunei and China going back to the 13th century. This essay critically examines these studies through a close reading of relevant sources.

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Why is it important?

Present scholarship relies heavily on the Xishan zazhi to prove early Brunei-China relations. I suggest that a close reading of all the genuine pre-modern texts is at best inconclusive and that the Xishan zazhi per se is most likely a fake.

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This page is a summary of: A Note on the Tombstone of Master Pu and the Xishan Zazhi, Bijdragen tot de taal- land- en volkenkunde / Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences of Southeast Asia, January 2016, Brill,
DOI: 10.1163/22134379-17204001.
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