What is it about?

This study explores the interaction between the economy, government policies, and executive approval. It explains why there are differences in how voters evaluate presidents in ordinary times, and in periods in which large-scale, global exogenous shocks hit the domestic economy.

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Why is it important?

This study is important because it helps to explain why voters might not punish incumbents for poor economic performance, or regressive fiscal policies during large-scale exogenous shocks.

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This page is a summary of: Executive approval and accountability: the impact of global shocks in less developed democracies, Journal of Elections Public Opinion and Parties, June 2025, Taylor & Francis,
DOI: 10.1080/17457289.2025.2507100.
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