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Our study of Mandarin-English bilingual preschool-age children in Singapore found that improving pronunciation and grammar in one language boots the same skills in the other. However, vocabulary grows best with extensive exposure to individual languages. Teachers and parents should support both languages by reading and talking with children in each, helping them use all their language skills to enhance learning in both languages and build vocabulary specific to each language. The study emphasizes assessing a child's skills in both languages and their cognitive abilities to provide the right support. By supporting both languages and understanding how they connect, we can help children thrive in both Mandarin and English.

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This page is a summary of: Cross- and Within-Language Associations Between Phonological, Lexical, and Grammatical Domains in Mandarin–English Bilingual Preschoolers in Singapore, Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research, January 2025, American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA),
DOI: 10.1044/2024_jslhr-24-00310.
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