All Stories

  1. Evolving landscape of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius: the emergence of new epidemic waves across Europe, Asia and North America
  2. Occurrence and clinical outcomes of bacteriuria in 9 cats affected by neurogenic bladder: a retrospective cases series (2021–2024)
  3. Chromosomal genes modulating fosfomycin susceptibility in uropathogenic Escherichia coli : a genome-wide analysis
  4. The intrinsic macrolide resistome of Escherichia coli
  5. Genetic background of neomycin resistance in clinical Escherichia coli isolated from Danish pig farms
  6. Prevalence and Types of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing Bacteria in Retail Seafood
  7. Dogs Can Be Reservoirs of Escherichia coli Strains Causing Urinary Tract Infection in Human Household Contacts
  8. Biochemical and Structural Characterization of CRH-1, a Carbapenemase from Chromobacterium haemolyticum Related to KPC β-Lactamases
  9. Macrolide Resistance and In Vitro Potentiation by Peptidomimetics in Porcine Clinical Escherichia coli
  10. Towards a Better and Harmonized Education in Antimicrobial Stewardship in European Veterinary Curricula
  11. Dogs are carriers of Clostridioides difficile lineages associated with human community-acquired infections
  12. The porcine respiratory microbiome: recent insights and future challenges
  13. One Health: a multifaceted concept combining diverse approaches to prevent and control antimicrobial resistance
  14. A one health framework to estimate the cost of antimicrobial resistance
  15. Local and Transboundary Transmissions of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Sequence Type 398 through Pig Trading
  16. The World Small Animal Veterinary Association (WSAVA)
  17. Global responses to oxytetracycline treatment in tetracycline-resistant Escherichia coli
  18. Indications for the use of highest priority critically important antimicrobials in the veterinary sector
  19. EUCAST disc diffusion criteria for the detection of mecA-Mediated β-lactam resistance in Staphylococcus pseudintermedius: oxacillin versus cefoxitin
  20. Specific staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) types and clonal complexes are associated with low-level amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and cefalotin resistance in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius
  21. Impact of oral amoxicillin and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid treatment on bacterial diversity and β-lactam resistance in the canine faecal microbiota
  22. Carprofen-induced depletion of proton motive force reverses TetK-mediated doxycycline resistance in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius
  23. Repurposing Azithromycin and Rifampicin Against Gram-Negative Pathogens by Combination With Peptidomimetics
  24. High Prevalence of USA300 Among Clinical Isolates of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus on St. Kitts and Nevis, West Indies
  25. Publisher Correction: Characterization, mechanism of action and optimization of activity of a novel peptide-peptoid hybrid against bacterial pathogens involved in canine skin infections
  26. Repurposing azithromycin and rifampicin against Gram-negative pathogens by combination with peptide potentiators
  27. Fate of CMY-2-Encoding Plasmids Introduced into the Human Fecal Microbiota by Exogenous Escherichia coli
  28. International Society for Companion Animal Infectious Diseases (ISCAID) guidelines for the diagnosis and management of bacterial urinary tract infections in dogs and cats
  29. Structure–Activity Study, Characterization, and Mechanism of Action of an Antimicrobial Peptoid D2 and Its d- and l-Peptide Analogues
  30. Characterization, mechanism of action and optimization of activity of a novel peptide-peptoid hybrid against bacterial pathogens involved in canine skin infections
  31. Isolation and characterization of bacteriophages active against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius
  32. Transcriptome analysis of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus exposed to cefotaxime
  33. A culture-independent method for studying transfer of IncI1 plasmids from wild-type Escherichia coli in complex microbial communities
  34. DNA Damage Repair and Drug Efflux as Potential Targets for Reversing Low or Intermediate Ciprofloxacin Resistance in E. coli K-12
  35. Corrigendum to ‘Panton-Valentine Leucocidin (PVL) Staphylococcus aureus a position statement from the International Society of Chemotherapy’ [International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents 51/1 (2018) 16-25]
  36. Optimization of Antimicrobial Treatment to Minimize Resistance Selection
  37. Diversity of Staphylococcus pseudintermedius in carriage sites and skin lesions of dogs with superficial bacterial folliculitis: potential implications for diagnostic testing and therapy
  38. High diversity of genes and plasmids encoding resistance to third-generation cephalosporins and quinolones in clinical Escherichia coli from commercial poultry flocks in Italy
  39. The role of ‘filth flies’ in the spread of antimicrobial resistance
  40. Effects of Diagnostic Work-Up on Medical Decision-Making for Canine Urinary Tract Infection: An Observational Study in Danish Small Animal Practices
  41. Response to “A concern with the clinical consensus guidelines on meticillin‐resistant staphylococci,” a letter in Veterinary Dermatology 2018; 29: 174
  42. Panton–Valentine leukocidin-positive Staphylococcus aureus : a position statement from the International Society of Chemotherapy
  43. Frequency, antimicrobial susceptibility and clonal distribution of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius in canine clinical samples submitted to a veterinary diagnostic laboratory in Italy: A 3-year retrospective investigation
  44. Genome and Plasmid Sequences of Escherichia coli KV7, an Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase Isolate Derived from Feces of a Healthy Pig
  45. Antimicrobial resistance in clinical Escherichia coli isolates from poultry and livestock, China
  46. Diagnostic microbiology in veterinary dermatology: present and future
  47. Comparison of the fecal bacterial microbiota of healthy and diarrheic foals at two and four weeks of life
  48. Recommendations for approaches to meticillin-resistant staphylococcal infections of small animals: diagnosis, therapeutic considerations and preventative measures.
  49. Evidence for the evolutionary steps leading to mecA-mediated β-lactam resistance in staphylococci
  50. Evolutionary Origin of the Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome mec (SCCmec)
  51. Danish horses MRSA CC398 and other strains of Staphylococcus aureus.
  52. The secondary resistome of multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae
  53. Antimicrobial use Guidelines for Treatment of Respiratory Tract Disease in Dogs and Cats: Antimicrobial Guidelines Working Group of the International Society for Companion Animal Infectious Diseases
  54. Diagnostic microbiology in veterinary dermatology: present and future
  55. Antimicrobial resistance: a global threat with remarkable geographical differences
  56. Expanding the Repertoire of Carbapenem-Hydrolyzing Metallo-ß-Lactamases by Functional Metagenomic Analysis of Soil Microbiota
  57. Macromolecule Biosynthesis Assay and Fluorescence Spectroscopy Methods to Explore Antimicrobial Peptide Mode(s) of Action
  58. Cephem Potentiation by Inactivation of Nonessential Genes Involved in Cell Wall Biogenesis of β-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli
  59. Evaluation of Veterinary-Specific Interpretive Criteria for Susceptibility Testing of Streptococcus equi Subspecies with Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole and Trimethoprim-Sulfadiazine
  60. Systematic Review on Global Epidemiology of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius: Inference of Population Structure from Multilocus Sequence Typing Data
  61. Evaluation of different sampling methods and criteria for diagnosing canine urinary tract infection by quantitative bacterial culture
  62. European multicenter study on antimicrobial resistance in bacteria isolated from companion animal urinary tract infections
  63. Differential Analysis of the Nasal Microbiome of Pig Carriers or Non-Carriers of Staphylococcus aureus
  64. A High-Throughput Approach To Identify Compounds That Impair Envelope Integrity in Escherichia coli
  65. Bacterial Zoonoses Transmitted by Household Pets: State-of-the-Art and Future Perspectives for Targeted Research and Policy Actions
  66. High genotypic diversity among methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius isolated from canine infections in Denmark
  67. Antimicrobial synergy between carprofen and doxycycline against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius ST71
  68. Adaptive responses to cefotaxime treatment in ESBL-producingEscherichia coliand the possible use of significantly regulated pathways as novel secondary targets
  69. Host-Specific Patterns of Genetic Diversity among IncI1-Iγ and IncK Plasmids Encoding CMY-2 β-Lactamase in Escherichia coli Isolates from Humans, Poultry Meat, Poultry, and Dogs in Denmark
  70. Erratum for Gudeta et al., The Soil Microbiota Harbors a Diversity of Carbapenem-Hydrolyzing β-Lactamases of Potential Clinical Relevance
  71. Relation between tetR and tetA expression in tetracycline resistant Escherichia coli
  72. spa typing and antimicrobial resistance of Staphylococcus aureus from healthy humans, pigs and dogs in Tanzania
  73. Chromobacteriumspp. harbour Ambler class A β-lactamases showing high identity with KPC
  74. Human health risks associated with antimicrobial-resistant enterococci and Staphylococcus aureus on poultry meat
  75. Biochemical Characterization of CPS-1, a Subclass B3 Metallo-β-Lactamase from a Chryseobacterium piscium Soil Isolate
  76. Quantitative assessment of faecal shedding of β-lactam-resistant Escherichia coli and enterococci in dogs
  77. The longitudinal effect of a multi-strain probiotic on the intestinal bacterial microbiota of neonatal foals
  78. Genome-wide association study reveals a locus for nasal carriage of Staphylococcus aureus in Danish crossbred pigs
  79. CTX-M-1 and CTX-M-15-producing Escherichia coli in dog faeces from public gardens
  80. Optimization and evaluation of Flexicult® Vet for detection, identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing of bacterial uropathogens in small animal veterinary practice
  81. The Soil Microbiota Harbors a Diversity of Carbapenem-Hydrolyzing β-Lactamases of Potential Clinical Relevance
  82. Effectiveness of a combined (4% chlorhexidine digluconate shampoo and solution) protocol in MRS and non-MRS canine superficial pyoderma: a randomized, blinded, antibiotic-controlled study
  83. Limited similarity between plasmids encoding CTX-M-1 β-lactamase in Escherichia coli from humans, pigs, cattle, organic poultry layers and horses in Denmark
  84. Effect of a Probiotic on Prevention of Diarrhea and Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens Shedding in Foals
  85. Lincosamide resistance is less frequent in Denmark inStaphylococcus pseudintermediusfrom first-time canine superficial pyoderma compared with skin isolates from clinical samples with unknown clinical background
  86. ACVIM Consensus Statement on Therapeutic Antimicrobial Use in Animals and Antimicrobial Resistance
  87. Prioritization of Companion Animal Transmissible Diseases for Policy Intervention in Europe
  88. Antimicrobial Stewardship in Small Animal Veterinary Practice
  89. Effect of antibiotic treatment in canine and feline urinary tract infections: A systematic review
  90. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains from Ghana include USA300
  91. MRSA carrying mecC in captive mara
  92. Persistence of Vancomycin Resistance in Multiple Clones of Enterococcus faecium Isolated from Danish Broilers 15 Years after the Ban of Avoparcin
  93. In vitroassessment of chloramphenicol and florfenicol as second-line antimicrobial agents in dogs
  94. Individual Predisposition to Staphylococcus aureus Colonization in Pigs on the Basis of Quantification, Carriage Dynamics, and Serological Profiles
  95. Zoonotic Transmission of Antimicrobial Resistant Enterococci: A Threat to Public Health or an Overemphasised Risk?
  96. Large Outbreak Caused by Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius ST71 in a Finnish Veterinary Teaching Hospital – From Outbreak Control to Outbreak Prevention
  97. Author's response: Critique of paper on ‘Effects of tetracycline and zinc on selection of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) sequence type 398 in pigs’
  98. Probiotic Use in Horses - What is the Evidence for Their Clinical Efficacy?
  99. CTX-M-1 β-lactamase expression in Escherichia coli is dependent on cefotaxime concentration, growth phase and gene location
  100. Strain Diversity of CTX-M-Producing Enterobacteriaceae in Individual Pigs: Insights into the Dynamics of Shedding during the Production Cycle
  101. Response to letter from J Mottet “Comments on the ISCAID Guidelines on the use of antimicrobial therapies in canine superficial bacterial folliculitis”
  102. Phenotypes and Genotypes of Old and Contemporary Porcine Strains Indicate a Temporal Change in the S. aureus Population Structure in Pigs
  103. Complete sequences of IncHI1 plasmids carrying blaCTX-M-1 and qnrS1 in equine Escherichia coli provide new insights into plasmid evolution
  104. Minocycline pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in dogs: dosage recommendations for treatment of meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius infections
  105. Rapid identification of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia by peptide nucleic acid fluorescence in situ hybridization
  106. Insights into Nasal Carriage of Staphylococcus aureus in an Urban and a Rural Community in Ghana
  107. Guidelines for the diagnosis and antimicrobial therapy of canine superficial bacterial folliculitis (Antimicrobial Guidelines Working Group of the International Society for Companion Animal Infectious Diseases)
  108. Molecular Epidemiology and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Clinical Staphylococcus aureus from Healthcare Institutions in Ghana
  109. High diversity of plasmids harbouring blaCMY-2 among clinical Escherichia coli isolates from humans and companion animals in the upper Midwestern USA
  110. Enhanced adherence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius sequence type 71 to canine and human corneocytes
  111. Sixty years of antimicrobial use in animals: what is next?
  112. vanO, a New Glycopeptide Resistance Operon in Environmental Rhodococcus equi Isolates
  113. Prevalence of nasal carriage and diversity of Staphylococcus aureus among inpatients and hospital staff at Korle Bu Teaching Hospital, Ghana
  114. Dam-to-offspring transmission and persistence ofStaphylococcus pseudintermediusclones within dog families
  115. Pharmacodynamics of Doxycycline and Tetracycline against Staphylococcus pseudintermedius: Proposal of Canine-Specific Breakpoints for Doxycycline
  116. Public health impact and antimicrobial selection of meticillin-resistant staphylococci in animals
  117. Carriage frequency, diversity and methicillin resistance of Staphylococcus aureus in Danish small ruminants
  118. In vitro inhibition of Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens by commercial probiotic strains
  119. Genome Sequence of Staphylococcus pseudintermedius Strain E140, an ST71 European-Associated Methicillin-Resistant Isolate
  120. Bacterial Flora and Antimicrobial Resistance in Raw Frozen Cultured Seafood Imported to Denmark
  121. Carriage and Fecal Counts of CTX-M-Producing Escherichia coli in Pigs: a Longitudinal Study
  122. In vitro adherence of Staphylococcus pseudintermedius to canine corneocytes is influenced by colonization status of corneocyte donors
  123. Colonization of Butchers with Livestock-Associated Methicillin-ResistantStaphylococcus aureus
  124. Staphylococcus pseudintermedius colonization patterns and strain diversity in healthy dogs: A cross-sectional and longitudinal study
  125. Carriage and Fecal Counts of Cefotaxime M-Producing Escherichia coli in Pigs: a Longitudinal Study
  126. Comparative Host Specificity of Human- and Pig- Associated Staphylococcus aureus Clonal Lineages
  127. Mustelidae are natural hosts of Staphylococcus delphini group A
  128. Veterinary hospital-acquired infections: The challenge of MRSA and other multidrug-resistant bacterial infections in veterinary medicine
  129. SalmonellaPrevalence Among Reptiles in a Zoo Education Setting
  130. High meticillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureuscarriage in intensive pig farms in southern China
  131. Occurrence and distribution of Staphylococcus aureus lineages among zoo animals
  132. Transmission of MRSA CC398 strains between pig farms related by trade of animals
  133. Staphylococcus pseudintermedius in the dog: taxonomy, diagnostics, ecology, epidemiology and pathogenicity
  134. Characterization of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolates from Pig Carcasses in Hong Kong
  135. Faecal shedding of CTX-M-producing Escherichia coli in horses receiving broad-spectrum antimicrobial prophylaxis after hospital admission
  136. Longitudinal study on transmission of MRSA CC398 within pig herds
  137. Prevalence of canine methicillin resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius in a veterinary diagnostic laboratory in Italy
  138. Farm-specific lineages of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus clonal complex 398 in Danish pig farms
  139. The Distribution of Mobile Genetic Elements (MGEs) in MRSA CC398 Is Associated with Both Host and Country
  140. Effects of tetracycline and zinc on selection of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) sequence type 398 in pigs
  141. Molecular characterization of Staphylococcus pseudintermedius strains isolated from clinical samples of animal origin
  142. In vitro antimicrobial activity of nitrofurantoin against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus pseudintermedius isolated from dogs and cats
  143. Selection of CMY-2 producing Escherichia coli in the faecal flora of dogs treated with cephalexin
  144. Potential Pathogenicity and Host Range of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli Isolates from Healthy Poultry
  145. Multilocus sequence typing of IncN plasmids
  146. Structural Variations of Staphylococcal Cassette ChromosomemecType IVa inStaphylococcus aureusClonal Complex 8 and Unrelated Lineages
  147. Prevalence of meticillin-resistant staphylococci among dogs and cats at a veterinary teaching hospital in Portugal
  148. Carriage of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius in Small Animal Veterinarians: Indirect Evidence of Zoonotic Transmission
  149. Antimicrobial Use Guidelines for Treatment of Urinary Tract Disease in Dogs and Cats: Antimicrobial Guidelines Working Group of the International Society for Companion Animal Infectious Diseases
  150. Experimental colonization of pigs with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA): insights into the colonization and transmission of livestock-associated MRSA
  151. Rapid PCR Detection of Staphylococcus aureus Clonal Complex 398 by Targeting the Restriction-Modification System Carrying sau1-hsdS1
  152. Association of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia infection with lower airway disease in the horse: A retrospective case series
  153. Coryneform bacteria associated with canine otitis externa
  154. The search and destroy strategy prevents spread and long-term carriage of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: results from the follow-up screening of a large ST22 (E-MRSA 15) outbreak in Denmark
  155. Antimicrobial disposition in pulmonary epithelial lining fluid of horses. Part I. Sulfadiazine and trimethoprim
  156. Gentamicin-Resistant Enterococcus faecalis Sequence Type 6 with Reduced Penicillin Susceptibility: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Implications
  157. Molecular analysis of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius of feline origin from different European countries and North America
  158. Escherichia coli Producing CTX-M-1, -2, and -9 Group β-Lactamases in Organic Chicken Egg Production
  159. Evaluation of methicillin resistance in Staphylococcus intermedius isolated from dogs
  160. Clonal spread of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius in Europe and North America: an international multicentre study
  161. spa type distribution in Staphylococcus aureus originating from pigs, cattle and poultry
  162. High Diversity of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamases in Escherichia coli Isolates from Italian Broiler Flocks
  163. In vitroantimicrobial activity of a commercial ear antiseptic containing chlorhexidine and Tris-EDTA
  164. Novel Lineage of Methicillin-ResistantStaphylococcus aureus, Hong Kong
  165. Escherichia coli shedding patterns in humans and dogs: insights into within-household transmission of phylotypes associated with urinary tract infections
  166. Clonal spread of methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci among horses, personnel and environmental sites at equine facilities
  167. Tandem repeat sequence analysis of staphylococcal protein A (spa) gene in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius
  168. Dogs Are a Reservoir of Ampicillin-Resistant Enterococcus faecium Lineages Associated with Human Infections
  169. Transmission of IncN Plasmids Carrying blaCTX-M-1 between Commensal Escherichia coli in Pigs and Farm Workers
  170. Monitoring of antimicrobial resistance in healthy dogs: First report of canine ampicillin-resistant Enterococcus faecium clonal complex 17
  171. Selection and Persistence of CTX-M-Producing Escherichia coli in the Intestinal Flora of Pigs Treated with Amoxicillin, Ceftiofur, or Cefquinome
  172. Prevalence of Quinolone Resistance Mechanisms and Associations to Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations in Quinolone-ResistantEscherichia coliIsolated from Humans and Swine in Denmark
  173. Population Genetic Structure of the Staphylococcus intermedius Group: Insights into agr Diversification and the Emergence of Methicillin-Resistant Strains
  174. Guide to Antimicrobial Use in Animals
  175. Guidelines for Antimicrobial Use in Dogs and Cats
  176. Principles of Prudent and Rational Use of Antimicrobials in Animals
  177. High risk for nasal carriage of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus among Danish veterinary practitioners
  178. Comparative Analysis of Human and Canine Campylobacter upsaliensis Isolates by Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism
  179. First report of multiresistant, mecA-positive Staphylococcus intermedius in Europe: 12 cases from a veterinary dermatology referral clinic in Germany
  180. Population Genetic Structure of the Staphylococcus intermedius Group: Insights into agr Diversification and the Emergence of Methicillin-Resistant Strains
  181. Retrospective detection of methicillin resistant and susceptible Staphylococcus aureus ST398 in Danish slaughter pigs
  182. Occurrence, species distribution, antimicrobial resistance and clonality of methicillin- and erythromycin-resistant staphylococci in the nasal cavity of domestic animals
  183. Occurrence of CTX-M-1-producing Escherichia coli in pigs treated with ceftiofur
  184. spa typing of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from domestic animals and veterinary staff in the UK and Ireland
  185. Genes homologous to glycopeptide resistancevanA are widespread in soil microbial communities
  186. Heterologous expression of glycopeptide resistance vanHAX gene clusters from soil bacteria in Enterococcus faecalis
  187. Glycopeptide Resistance vanA Operons in Paenibacillus Strains Isolated from Soil
  188. Prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus among staff and pets in a small animal referral hospital in the UK
  189. Identification of Tet 39, a novel class of tetracycline resistance determinant in Acinetobacter spp. of environmental and clinical origin
  190. Members of the Genera Paenibacillus and Rhodococcus Harbor Genes Homologous to Enterococcal Glycopeptide Resistance Genes vanA and vanB
  191. Pet animals as reservoirs of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria: Review
  192. Occurrence of Campylobacter jejuni in Pets Living with Human Patients Infected with C. jejuni
  193. Occurrence, Structure, and Mobility of Tn1546-Like Elements in Environmental Isolates of Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci
  194. Transmission of multiple antimicrobial-resistant Staphylococcus intermedius between dogs affected by deep pyoderma and their owners
  195. Overlooked aspects concerning development and spread of antimicrobial resistance
  196. Dissemination of Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci HarboringvanAThrough Disposal of Waste Derived from Industrial Production of Vancomycin
  197. Delayed incubation as an alternative method to sample storage for enumeration of E. coli and culturable bacteria in water
  198. The effects of tertiary wastewater treatment on the prevalence of antimicrobial resistant bacteria
  199. Increase in the prevalence of oxolinic acid resistant Acinetobacter spp. observed in a stream receiving the effluent from a freshwater trout farm following the treatment with oxolinic acid-medicated feed
  200. Class I integrons containing adhfrItrimethoprim resistance gene cassette in aquaticAcinetobacterspp.
  201. Class I integrons containing a dhfrI trimethoprim resistance gene cassette in aquatic Acinetobacter spp.
  202. Phenotypic characterization and antibiotic resistance of Acinetobacter spp. isolated from aquatic sources