What is it about?
Citizenship and naturalisation tests have existed for more than a century. This article defines their main characteristics, focusing on their two main components, language and culture, and on the different levels of competence of the Common European Framework of Reference. It then reviews the exams used in different countries.
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Why is it important?
A major part of the article deals with the use of technology to prepare and administer these exams, with its benefits and difficulties, and highlights the current opportunity to implement them online despite present academic and social problems.
Perspectives
Written with Jesús García Laborda, this article grew out of our shared interest in high-stakes language testing and its social consequences.
Dr. Miguel Fernández Álvarez
Universidad Politecnica de Madrid
Read the Original
This page is a summary of: Exámenes de idiomas para ciudadanía, Lengua y migración, December 2021, Universidad de Alcala,
DOI: 10.37536/lym.13.2.2021.1045.
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