What is it about?

We show that people experience difficulty as importance and as impossibility in their everyday lives, that people differ in how much they endorse each idea and fluctuate across days in how much they do. People who more strongly endorse difficulty-as-importance as more likely to engage with their goals on any given day. Those who more strongly endorse difficulty-as-impossibility predict they would prefer easier tasks.

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Why is it important?

Both difficulty-as importance and difficulty-as-impossibility also fluctuate daily. On days people are higher than their average in difficulty-as-impossibility, they are less self-compassionate and experience lower goal self-efficacy. Controlling for this effect, on days they are higher in difficulty-as-importance, they are more self -compassionate and experience higher goal self-efficacy. How much people endorse difficulty-as-impossibility-as-impossibility is not a good predictor for how much they endorse difficulty-as-importance, they two are separate constructs.

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This page is a summary of: Identity-based motivation: Testing assumptions of ecological validity, individual differences and within-person fluctuations, January 2026, Center for Open Science,
DOI: 10.31234/osf.io/avymc_v3.
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