Analyzing the Energy Usage and Carbon Emission in Office Administrative Block

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A B S T R A C T It is now recognized that this world of mankind has a serious danger to the global climate, and therefore urgent action is needed to address it. One of the key steps is to reduce the amount of energy and carbon dioxide emissions. The objective of this study is to make an experiment on factors contributing the energy usage of the Administrative block including carbon emission in KTG Education Group University Malaysia, and evaluating the case study using Revit Energy Analysis. While many countries have recognized the importance of the role of Revit energy analysis in energy usage and reduction of carbon emissions, Energy analysis from start to finish. Analyzing a complete or near-final design has little or no effect on a building’s operational energy performance. The use of the Administrative Building as case study is to analyze the energy intensity and calculate the carbon emission in the selected room. Two simulations will be performed. The first simulation is based on the existing room and the second is based on improved building design envelope. This paper outlines the result of the two simulations. The Energy Used Intensity (EUI) of the existing room used 284 kWh. In order to fulfill the requirement of Green Building Index NRNC tool, the energy intensity must be below 150 KWh/m2/year. Therefore, new proposed building envelope has been reduced to 129kWh compared to previous EUI which is 284kWh. Based on Green Building Index NRNC tool, the improved design has achieved the requirement of energy intensity below 150KWh/m2/year. At the same time carbon emission has been reduce from 148.55kg CO2 to 67.5kg CO2.

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Analyzing the Energy Usage and Carbon Emission in Office Administrative Block: A Case Study of KTG Linton University Administrative Block, Malaysia *Ph.D. Candidate MUHAMMAD AUWAL AHMAD 1, Dr. HALIL ZAFER ALIBABA 2 1 & 2 Faculty of Architecture, Eastern Mediterranean University, Famagusta, North Cyprus E mail: abufaridah000@gmail.com , E mail: halil.alibaba@gmail.com A B S T R A C T It is now recognized that this world of mankind has a serious danger to the global climate, and therefore urgent action is needed to address it. One of the key steps is to reduce the amount of energy and carbon dioxide emissions. The objective of this study is to make an experiment on factors contributing the energy usage of the Administrative block including carbon emission in KTG Education Group University Malaysia, and evaluating the case study using Revit Energy Analysis. While many countries have recognized the importance of the role of Revit energy analysis in energy usage and reduction of carbon emissions, Energy analysis from start to finish. Analyzing a complete or near-final design has little or no effect on a building’s operational energy performance. The use of the Administrative Building as case study is to analyze the energy intensity and calculate the carbon emission in the selected room. Two simulations will be performed. The first simulation is based on the existing room and the second is based on improved building design envelope. This paper outlines the result of the two simulations. The Energy Used Intensity (EUI) of the existing room used 284 kWh. In order to fulfill the requirement of Green Building Index NRNC tool, the energy intensity must be below 150 KWh/m2/year. Therefore, new proposed building envelope has been reduced to 129kWh compared to previous EUI which is 284kWh. Based on Green Building Index NRNC tool, the improved design has achieved the requirement of energy intensity below 150KWh/m2/year. At the same time carbon emission has been reduce from 148.55kg CO2 to 67.5kg CO2. CONTEMPORARY URBAN AFFAIRS (2018), 2(3), 78-87. https://doi.org/10.25034/ijcua.2018.4721 www.ijcua.com Copyright © 2018 Contemporary Urban Affairs. All rights reserved. 1. Introduction The world faces the challenges of global fever and climate change. Human climate change is the greenhouse gases in nature. Carbon dioxide (CO2) is the most important greenhouse gas, and the world's population is increasing in the first carbon dioxide (CO2) and soil use (IPCC, 2007). The most important factor in the use of energy and the erosion of carbon dioxide (CO2) in urban areas, where most people have some element of high standard of living and rich supply (Fong et al., 2007a & 2007b; IGES, 2004). Therefore, addressing energy-related problems with energy and carbon dioxide (CO2) should be focused on office areas, and Energy analysis plays an important role in counteracting the global climate, or smaller, reducing the office temperatures of the building. One of the most important principles in the meaning of energy is to achieve 'progress'. The legally recognized United Nations Development Program (UN) is' the development of current challenges without challenging future generations' ability to address their needs'. To make progress, there are many things to consider. The United Nations Economic and Social Development Center has set up areas for development, climate change, and "energy" of major policies (UN, 2007). Therefore, climate change and energy issues should be considered as one of the key objectives in the energy analysis system. However, the study shows that population growth and economic growth are the major motor vehicles since increased energy usage and carbon dioxide (CO2) (Fong et al., 2007a, IGES, 2004). Therefore, it would be a great challenge to maintain the quality of life in these cities while maintaining energy usage and carbon dioxide (CO2). This study examines the current situation of energy usage and reduction of carbon dioxide (CO2) emission from KTG Education Group University Malaysia, a developing country that is experiencing rapid economic transformation, industrialization and population expansion, with particular emphasis on city context energy usage and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. The study also investigates the current considerations of energy usage and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in the spatial energy process of the administrative building. This paper provides a guide for further consideration in incorporating energy and carbon dioxide (CO2) issues as the core part of Energy analysis process, in achieving sustainable development based on the concept of low carbon emission. Global warming and climate change are the two greatest issues to mankind currently. The urgency to fight against them has drawn serious attentions for leaders, scientists and individuals all over the world. In fact, the event that for the first time drawing attentions from the world on the global warming and climate change issues can be traced back to the first “World Climate Conference” organized by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) in 1979. The conference expressed concern that “continued expansion of man’s activities on earth may cause significant extended regional and even global changes of climate”, and it called for “global cooperation to explore the possible future course of global climate and to take this new understanding into account in planning for the future development of human society” (IPCC, 2004). Subsequent to the said conference, various international efforts have been taken to monitor the climate change and to mitigate it. In 1988, the IPCC was set up and followed by the adoption of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). Presently the primary international policy framework against global warming and climate change is the UNFCCC, specifically the Kyoto Protocol, which sets emission limits for many of the world’s most economically developed nations. Under the Kyoto Protocol, the participating developed countries are committed to reduce their GHG emissions on an average of about 5% by the target years of 2008 to 2012 (UN, 1998). For post-Kyoto Protocol, during the United Nations Climate Change Conference 2007 held in Bali, Indonesia, it was decided to adopt the Bali Roadmap, which charts the course for a new negotiating process to be concluded by 2009 that will ultimately lead to a post-2012 international agreement on climate change (UNFCCC, 2007). Also, during the G8 Summit 2007 held in Heiligendamm on 6-8 June 2007, the participating countries have agreed to consider seriously the target of halving of GHG emissions by 2050 (G8, 2007). Presently, the common global target is to cut the GHG emissions, particularly CO2 emissions, by 50% of the present level by year 2050. In this respect, Japan has launched the national campaign of ‘Cool Earth 50’, which targeting to cut the CO2 emissions up to half of the present level, by the year 2050. Also, the State of California of the United States is aiming to cut the emission to 80% below 1990 level, while London has set the target of 60% carbon emission reduction from 2000 level, both with the common target year of 2050 (TMG, 2006). CO2 is the most anthropogenic GHG (human being caused) in the atmosphere. CO2 emissions arise from several sources, particularly fossil fuel combustion in the generation, industry, residential and transport sectors. It is released into the atmosphere primarily by combustion of fossil fuels such as coal, oil or natural gas, and renewable fuels such as biomass (IPCC, 2005).

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