The effect of the binary space and social interaction in creating an actual context

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A B S T R A C T Urban Space is not just a simple, physical configuration. Instead, it is a transformation of human experiences with the differentsynchronicarchitectural characteristic that needs a critical examination to segregate discrete layers of structural elements. As a result, the traditional urban space is a unique existence of reality; it is a product of prolonged interaction between society and architecture. The association is so prevailing that each portion has a significant role in creating a combination of mental prototypes of interpretation between the different factors that gives the urban space its final form. Neglecting any part in the public space perception process is leading to crash the binary equation letting the meaning paralyzed without being able to represent any society or potentially keep the sense. There are many examples of worn-out urban space some of them was a result of ignorance and absent of realization of the interaction between Society and architecture. Al-Kadhimiya, a city north of Baghdad, the capital of Iraq, is a crucial example of this type. The Iraqi municipality demolished that relationship by importing different layers that are not compatible with the original one or as a result of inserting new means of technology in the heart of the historic cities. The other example from Erbil, a city north of Iraq, where the municipality determinable removed the old fabric to insert a well-defined rectangle space, somehow to create an urban public space, that procedure juxtaposed by form a barrier to isolate the old Souk from the other part of the old city. Both cities suffered from a misunderstanding of the urban binary equation between space and architecture as a tool to understand the context.

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The effect of the binary space and social interaction in creating an actual context of understanding the traditional urban space *Ph. D. CandidateMUSTAFA AZIZ MOHAMMAD AMEN1*, Dr.DUSKO KUZOVIC2 1Cihan University, Kurdistan, Iraq 2University of East Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina E mail: mustafaamen@gmail.com E mail: dusko.kuzovic@gmail.com A B S T R A C T Urban Space is not just a simple, physical configuration. Instead, it is a transformation of human experiences with the differentsynchronicarchitectural characteristic that needs a critical examination to segregate discrete layers of structural elements. As a result, the traditional urban space is a unique existence of reality; it is a product of prolonged interaction between society and architecture. The association is so prevailing that each portion has a significant role in creating a combination of mental prototypes of interpretation between the different factors that gives the urban space its final form. Neglecting any part in the public space perception process is leading to crash the binary equation letting the meaning paralyzed without being able to represent any society or potentially keep the sense. There are many examples of worn-out urban space some of them was a result of ignorance and absent of realization of the interaction between Society and architecture. Al-Kadhimiya, a city north of Baghdad, the capital of Iraq, is a crucial example of this type. The Iraqi municipality demolished that relationship by importing different layers that are not compatible with the original one or as a result of inserting new means of technology in the heart of the historic cities. The other example from Erbil, a city north of Iraq, where the municipality determinable removed the old fabric to insert a well-defined rectangle space, somehow to create an urban public space, that procedure juxtaposed by form a barrier to isolate the old Souk from the other part of the old city. Both cities suffered from a misunderstanding of the urban binary equation between space and architecture as a tool to understand the context. CONTEMPORARY URBAN AFFAIRS (2018) 2(2), 71-77. https://doi.org/10.25034/ijcua.2018.3672 www.ijcua.com Copyright © 2017 Contemporary Urban Affairs. All rights reserved. 1. Introduction There are many ways for communication, but the Spaces is the interactive one. According to Lawson the very phrase ‘face to face’ is implicitly refers to space(Lawson, 2001). There is a hidden language between the different part of the societies, the urban space as a component of the urban fabric plays its role in that language as a Part of the whole, the part has a phenomenological dimension in addition to its relational structure with the system as a whole. Social science support that the “‘personal space’ and ‘human territoriality’ also tie space to the human agent, and do not acknowledge its existence independently of the human agent. 2. Communication through urban fabric Harold Proshansky said, «The physical environment that we construct is as much a social phenomenon»(Lawson, 2001). If any urban fabric has its internal system, then those «descriptions of space can be related both to the everyday buildings that make up the system and to the various»(HIillier & Hanson, 2009) kinds of public building that exist within the urban fabric. Space is medium for interaction understanding as well as understand the message behind the urban fabric. There are different layers of combinations to transfer the meaning or as a way of shifting the meaning. In another word, there is continuous changes and modifications in the fabric from diachronic point view. So, there is a need to understand the underlying structure which regulates the spaces within the entire urban fabric. For Space gets its meaning through its direct connections with human consciousness. 3. Society and Urban Fabrics binary interaction. 3.1 Introduction Both Space and Society have a particular structure which is modified and molded in almost complete compatibility with the other with all its intrinsic values. The understanding of the reality through a binary interaction and understand the meaning of the context, text, and urban fabric is a vast field, its root goes back to some other artistic field. In linguistics, Saussure insisted «that our ability to discern phonemic structures requires that we recognize units of meaning such that they are reiterable.»(Winters, 2007). Saussure did not consider it necessary to distinguish between a language where that consists in the mastery of concepts and grasping content on the one hand and investing insight with connotation on the other. 3.2 Structuralism binary interpretation. In its simplest form, structuralism is an analytical approach to consider phenomena as a complex system of variables operating under the certain universal rule. The urban space plays a significant role in understanding the essential meaning of any urban fabric. The undistinguishable world comprises of the structures that inspire and establish all of these phenomena is the underlying phenomena, which is «consists of the structures that underlie and organize all of these phenomena so that wecan make sense of them.»(Tyson, 2006). The first one related to the physical world. Architecture and urban design are similar to the internal relationships between the different spaces and architectural masses to create some pattern or order or Deep Structure(HIillier & Hanson, 2009). Although the meaning has a structure, that meaning is not alone and related to different layers with a different period. As a result, there are different layers of structures that stacked above each other, the combination of those layers composes the final sign of the urban form 3.3 Phenomenological view Phenomenology role is to probe for the deeper structure of human reality and thereby to articulate the «language of metaphors that can be identified with our existence.»(HIillier & Hanson, 2009). Phenomenology further emphasizes the fact that architecture is first and foremost a multi-sensory experience as opposed to a purely visual or conceptual exercise. There is a focus on the human place «the structure of place becomes manifest as environmental totalities which comprise the aspects of character and space.»(Schulz, 1991). The theory focused on experiences and its interpretation by a human. It is crucial to get that the skills play a prominent role in understanding the space, but then what remains is how to transfer those feeling or experience accordingly. This method is well determined and identified for a single area where spectator could record his own experiences, but the question remained about the relationship of that space with the other related spaces! How could be so sure about the interconnection with other spaces? Although the phenomenological offer a useful tool to recognize places and its internal structures, it is suffering from indications that connect spaces with each other. It is worth to say that the Structuralists offer a better method for understanding the connection between the elements. 3.4 Post-Structuralism and Deconstructionism approach.

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