What is it about?

The growth and subsequent metastasis of a tumor depend not only on the cancer cells but also on their interaction with normal cells of the organism, what is referred as the "micro tumor environment". Thus, the interaction of some cells of the immune system with cancer cells can either prevent or promote the growth and progression of tumors. Studies of several groups, including our own, had identified the protein ZEB1 in the tumor cells. However, its expression and role in the healthy cells of the immune system itself had not immune​ until now. Immune response of the body to tumors. The study has used a model of ovarian cancer in mice as well as histological samples and databases of nearly 400 patients with ovarian cancer. It shows that the contact of tumor cells with macrophages, a type of cells of the immune system, causes ZEB1 levels to increase in both cells and that these cells of the immune system promote tumor growth. Thus, the work shows that cancer cells produce substances that attract macrophages to the tumor environment. In turn, macrophages produce substances that promote the tumor to acquire more aggressive characteristics and progress more rapidly. In an experimental mouse model, it was found that it is sufficient that the expression of ZEB1 in macrophages is halved to block the collaboration of macrophages with tumor cells. In addition, it has been shown that the elimination of ZEB1 in macrophages favors the response of ovarian tumor cells to chemotherapy.

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Why is it important?

The study has possible translational implications since a reduction of ZEB1 in macrophages would not only inhibit the pro-tumoral effects of these cells of the immune system but also improve the response to treatment. New treatments against cancer aim not only to eliminate tumor cells but also regulate the immune response that the body itself develops against the disease. This work opens the door to the design of new therapeutic strategies aimed at regulating the immune response to tumors.

Perspectives

We believe that the study will offer new tools in anti-cancer therapies aimed at regulating the immune response of the body to tumors.

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This page is a summary of: Tumor‐associated macrophages (TAMs) depend on ZEB1 for their cancer‐promoting roles, The EMBO Journal, October 2017, EMBO,
DOI: 10.15252/embj.201797345.
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