Circular intellectual capital in practice: traceability, governance and hybrid competences in the WEEE sector

What is it about?

Many organisations talk about the circular economy, but it is often hard to verify whether “circularity” is really happening. This study shows that credible circularity depends on more than recycling technologies: it requires strong “intangible” resources such as skills, routines, data systems and trusted partnerships. Using an in-depth qualitative case in the e-waste (WEEE) sector, we find that circularity works when companies build an assurance infrastructure: clear traceability records, authorised and auditable processes, standard procedures and continuous checks. We also find that hybrid competences (technical, regulatory and safety) and collaboration across the supply network are essential to prevent weak links. Finally, an evidence-based communication approach helps avoid “circularity washing” by reporting only what can be supported with data and documents. These insights can help managers and policymakers design circular systems that are reliable, transparent and scalable.

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