Fungal community on Iraqi winter wheat system

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It is obvious from the present study that all examined wheat seeds were contaminated by fungi. In order to determine the main involvement of wheat to world food, its production have to be improved to meet the nutritional needs of the growing world population. Importantly, Iraqi farmers should be compelled by Iraqi Ministry of Agriculture to plant certified wheat seeds, which are substantial contribution for crop production and subsequently decrease yield losses due to those associated pathogenic fungi with wheat seeds. Also, preventing agricultural trading companies from importing wheat seeds and limit it to the government and this is a crucial way to make Iraq self-sufficient and also participate to the food security. Additionally, the majority of seed born pathogenic fungi can be basically controlled by treating seeds with fungicides and biological substrates. Furthermore, using typical storage services for preserving wheat grins in silos to decrease the contamination level produced by those pathogenic fungi associated with wheat seeds lower than damage threshold is suggested.

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