What is it about?
This study investigates the impact of refugee inflows on political stability, economic growth, and both military and civilian expenditures across 35 European countries over the period 2000–2024.
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Why is it important?
It is one of the few articles that associates the refugees flows in EU with issues related to defense expenditure, political stability and economic growth aspects
Perspectives
The results suggest that refugee flows can heighten security concerns, leading to increased defense spending, while also revealing some negative effects on the host country’s GDP growth and political stability. The results can provide useful insights in the debate regarding the Refugee flows phenomenon in EU and elsewhere.
Sotirios K Bellos
University of York
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This page is a summary of: Refugee flows and the economic-security nexus in Europe: evidence from military spending, growth, and political stability, Journal of Contemporary European Studies, November 2025, Taylor & Francis,
DOI: 10.1080/14782804.2025.2592054.
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