Women's Groups in Turkey: Between Global Reach and Moving Away from Europe

What is it about?

Since the EU's Eastern enlargement in 2004, it has focused on strengthening civil society organizations (CSOs) in new member and candidate states, including Turkey. Turkish women's organizations, in particular, benefitted from this through empowerment and diversification of activities during the EU accession process. However, since 2007, Turkey's AKP government has distanced itself from the EU, weakening the EU's influence on civil society. This de-Europeanization is evident in reduced financial and technical assistance, declining normative power of the EU, and changing perceptions of internationalization. Historically, Turkish CSOs have played significant roles in socio-political affairs, evolving from welfare delivery in the Ottoman era to more organized activism, especially for women's rights, post-1961 Constitution.

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Photo by Melissa Askew on Unsplash

Photo by Melissa Askew on Unsplash

Why is it important?

This research is important because it examines the complex relationship between civil society organizations (CSOs) in Turkey, particularly women's organizations, and the process of Europeanization and de-Europeanization. Understanding these dynamics is crucial for assessing the development of civil society in Turkey and the impact of international influence, especially from the European Union. The study highlights how external factors can shape the empowerment and activities of CSOs, as well as their relationship with the state. This research contributes to our understanding of the challenges faced by civil society in countries undergoing political transitions and the role of international actors in supporting or hindering democratic development. Key Takeaways: 1. EU Influence: The EU accession process initially had a positive impact on Turkish CSOs, particularly women's organizations, by providing financial and technical support, increasing their visibility, and fostering professionalization. 2. De-Europeanization Effects: As Turkey's relationship with the EU has cooled, the impact of de-Europeanization on women's CSOs has manifested in reduced technical and financial support, weakening the EU's normative power, and changing perceptions towards internationalization. 3. Changing Dynamics: The study reveals how shifting political contexts, both domestically and internationally, can significantly affect the development and activities of civil society organizations, highlighting the need for adaptability in the face of changing circumstances.