Fare-free public transportation system in Tallinn

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Evidence regarding its success is inconclusive due to a lack of accurate measurements of public transport passengers and car users both before (when validation was not compulsory) and after (when validation is done only by 1/3 of travellers) the FFPTS was implemented. This picture, due to the lack of accurate measurements, becomes more blurred, as during the aftermath of its implementation, the city has undergone important infrastructural reform (the variability registered in street crossings might be due to city access and street works and also to tram railway renewal), there is no specific available data on private vehicles petrol consumption, and according to experts even air quality is more dependent on climatic conditions than on traffic.

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