What is it about?
It was previously understood that the unit (quantum) of an electromagnetic field is a photon with zero mass and a unit of spin. This is mathematically realized. The electromagnetic field as a quantum object satisfies the Dirac equation with its energy density as a wavefunction.
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Why is it important?
It is the first time that Maxwell equations are appended by a Planck constant (quantum). A new concept, like quantum force associated with light, is introduced. Photons satisfy a nonlinear Ohm's law relation.
Perspectives
The spin of the electron is obtained when the electron in the Dirac equation is coupled to an electromagnetic field. Similarly, when the electromagnetic field interacts with a charge, its spin arises. Thus, the coupled Maxwell equations involve quantum terms representing the spin of the electromagnetic field.
Prof. Arbab Ibrahim Arbab Mohamed
Qassim University
Read the Original
This page is a summary of: The electromagnetic field’s quantum nature and spin, AIP Advances, January 2024, American Institute of Physics,
DOI: 10.1063/5.0180048.
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