Speech Sound Development in Children with Sex Chromosome Trisomies

What is it about?

Children with sex chromosome trisomies (Klinefelter syndrome, triple X syndrome and Jacobs syndrome) frequently experience difficulties in language development. However, it is not clear how and when these problems arise. In this study, we assessed early abilities in producing and articulating language phonemes, which are the “bricks” used to build words. Thirty-eight 18-month-old children with sex chromosome trisomies were observed during play sessions with their parents. Their vocal productions were compared to those of a control group of typically developing peers. Results showed that language delay in children with sex chromosome trisomies is already evident at 18 months: they produce few and simpler consonants. Moreover, the children with lower speech sound development showed a smaller vocabulary growth between 18 and 24 months.

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Photo by Sebastian Pandelache on Unsplash

Photo by Sebastian Pandelache on Unsplash

Why is it important?

The results of this study could be clinically relevant for follow-up and treatment planning for children with sex chromosome trisomies. They suggest the opportunity of collecting a spontaneous speech sample to early identify the children who probably need more support in their language development.