What is it about?
During the first wave of COVID-19 in Israel, we examined how two very different large-scale stressors — the pandemic and missile attacks — shaped people’s anxiety. What we found: ⚠️ Stress from missile attacks made it more likely for people to experience at least one anxiety episode. ⚠️COVID-19–related anxiety predicted not only whether people became anxious, but also how many times. Together, these stressors had an additive effect — showing how multiple crises can pile up on mental health.
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Why is it important?
In real life, as we all have been experiencing during the last years, people often face more than one source of stress at the same time. Our findings show the importance of considering the combined impact of overlapping crises, rather than focusing on just one.
Read the Original
This page is a summary of: COVID-19 specific anxiety, perceived stress related to missile attacks, and anxiety “episodes”., Psychological Trauma Theory Research Practice and Policy, August 2025, American Psychological Association (APA),
DOI: 10.1037/tra0002027.
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