What is it about?
The aim of this systematic review is to test describe the effects of diet and/or exercise energy balance interventions (expected to induce weight loss) on behavioural compensation in non-exercise physical activity and/or related decreases in non-exercise energy expenditure of free-living adults.
Featured Image
Why is it important?
It is already recognized that our body tends to conserve energy to mitigate an indefinite exposure to an energy balance deficit resulting from induced-weight loss interventions (the so-called metabolic adaption or adaptive thermogenesis). However, if the amount of physical activity (PA) that is performed during free-living conditions also reduces to attenuate the energetic demands due to weight-loss interventions is still unclear. This is particularly important because the interventions that are able to induce weight loss may use diet only, exercise only or combined exercise and diet and the physical activity behaviour of an individual may respond differently to the mode of intervention.
Perspectives
Although the current systematic review did not find evidence to suggest that diet and/or exercise training has a significant effect on the decreases in non-exercise physical activity and related energy expenditure or both, a reduction in energy expenditure from non-exercise physical activity throughout the day was observed in 63% of the total diet-only intervention with only 23% and 27% of the declines observed in exercise only or combined diet/exercise trials. We also reported that participants who decreased PA energy expenditure, presented a median amount of weight loss that was almost double the amount of those participants who did not compensate, suggesting that behavioural compensation leading to reductions in PA energy expenditure may depend on the degree of energy stores used when substantial body weight is lost, to mitigate an indefinite exposure to an energy balance deficit.
Analiza Silva
Universidade de Lisboa
Read the Original
This page is a summary of: What is the effect of diet and/or exercise interventions on behavioural compensation in non-exercise physical activity and related energy expenditure of free-living adults? A systematic review, British Journal Of Nutrition, May 2018, Cambridge University Press,
DOI: 10.1017/s000711451800096x.
You can read the full text:
Contributors
The following have contributed to this page
