What is it about?
This paper aims to assess and compare the financial vulnerability of United States (U.S.) households before and during the pandemic, while also exploring potential demographic factors associated with financial vulnerability using data from the 2019 and 2022 Survey of Consumer Finances (SCF).
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Why is it important?
Results unveil a slight increase in the percentage of financially vulnerable households during the pandemic (24.7%), compared to the pre-pandemic period (21.2%). Notably, homeownership, race and education emerge as the most important factors associated with household financial vulnerability during the pandemic. The Logistic regression analysis underscores that the pandemic intensifies the probability of financial vulnerability among reference persons who are female, aged 35 to 44, and with lower levels of education and financial literacy, as well as families not owning a home and having multiple children.
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This page is a summary of: Household Financial Vulnerability Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Exploration Through Machine Learning Approach, Social Indicators Research, January 2026, Springer Science + Business Media,
DOI: 10.1007/s11205-025-03751-2.
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