Preparing for Plant Disease Invasion: Modeling Citrus Huanglongbing in the European Union

What is it about?

Huánglóngbìng (HLB) is a bacterial disease of citrus that has significantly impacted Brazil and the United States, although citrus production in the Mediterranean Basin remains unaffected. By developing a mathematical model of spread in Spain, we tested surveillance and control strategies before any future HLB entry in the EU. We found while some citrus production might be maintained by roguing, this requires extensive surveillance and significant chemical control, perhaps also including testing of psyllids (which spread the pathogen) for bacterial DNA. Our work highlights the key importance of early detection (including asymptomatic infection) and vector control for HLB management.

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Why is it important?

Huanglongbing (HLB) is a devastating disease of citrus, present in many countries but absent in Europe. Therefore, Europe must be prepared to take action if this disease enters the European continent.