Modelling the Distribution of Lasers in Biological Tissues

What is it about?

For the time being there is no accurate theory about the spread of light in a structurally non-homogeneous medium whereas the experimental research is additionally hindered because of the necessity to maintain constant structural-dynamic parameters. In this respect numerical modelling of the processes of spreading of laser radiation plays increasingly important role.

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Why is it important?

The nature of the interaction of laser radiation with biological tissues depends on the absorption coefficient for a particular wavelength. The considered modified Monte-Carlo method has several advantages. This method is applicable to media with different geometries and it produces three-dimensional information about the distribution of the beam into the tissue. With the launch of 1 million photons the error of the method does not exceed 1% of the value obtained. The developed model takes into account the following characteristics of interaction of laser radiation and biological tissues: - the reflection of laser radiation from the surface; - attenuation of the laser beam in the structure; - the scattering of the laser beam in the tissue; - the dependence of the optical and thermal properties of the types of tissue included in the structure. This model is based on numerical experiments which allow for more detailed study of the influence of different laser parameters, such as power density, time of impact, wavelength on the treated tissue (thermal conductivity, specific heat, density, scattering coefficient) and shows the extent of influence of the wavelength of the laser beam on the effect from the impact, which would allow to reduce the thermal effect on the surrounding bio-tissue and as a result, to reduce significantly the biological damage to the structures.

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