What is it about?

Proper osseointegration is crucial for the success of dental and orthopedic implants. Titanium-6Aluminum-4Vanadium (TAV) is one of the most popular implant materials; however, polyetheretherketone (PEEK) has gained the interest of implant researchers and manufacturers over the past several years due to its lower modulus of elasticity compared to metallic implant materials. Porosity and patterned surface morphologies are thought to improve mechanical interlocking and play an important role in the differentiation of pre-osteoblasts into mature osteoblasts. This study aimed to determine the effects a macro patterned PEEK surface has on the material’s mechanical properties and the proliferation, differentiation, and maturation of pre-osteoblasts.

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Why is it important?

Osseointegration occurs at the interface between bone and an implant surface, which is crucial for the success of long-term implants [1-3]. About 5% of dental and 10% of orthopedic implants fail due to aseptic loosening caused by poor osseointegration [2-4].Titanium-6Aluminum-4Vanadium (TAV) is a popular implant material used in load bearing dental and orthopedic applications because of its biocompatibility and excellent mechanical properties, such as tensile strength, elastic modulus, and resistance to fatigue fracture [5,6]. TAV displays great corrosion resistance and low toxicity; however, widespread research has been conducted to improve the bioactivity of TAV to enhance its osseointegration capability [5,6]. Natural bone has an elastic modulus of only 0.1 - 30 GPa; therefore, the 100 - 110 GPa elastic modulus of TAV can cause stress shielding, due to modulus mismatch, and lead to premature failure of an implant [7,8]. Furthermore, metallic implants have been shown to cause a variety of artifacts during magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and may cause scattering of x-rays, which may be harmful to surrounding tissues [9-11].

Perspectives

Osseointegration occurs at the interface between bone and an implant surface, which is crucial for the success of long-term implants [1-3]. About 5% of dental and 10% of orthopedic implants fail due to aseptic loosening caused by poor osseointegration [2-4].Titanium-6Aluminum-4Vanadium (TAV) is a popular implant material used in load bearing dental and orthopedic applications because of its biocompatibility and excellent mechanical properties, such as tensile strength, elastic modulus, and resistance to fatigue fracture [5,6]. TAV displays great corrosion resistance and low toxicity; however, widespread research has been conducted to improve the bioactivity of TAV to enhance its osseointegration capability [5,6]. Natural bone has an elastic modulus of only 0.1 - 30 GPa; therefore, the 100 - 110 GPa elastic modulus of TAV can cause stress shielding, due to modulus mismatch, and lead to premature failure of an implant [7,8]. Furthermore, metallic implants have been shown to cause a variety of artifacts during magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and may cause scattering of x-rays, which may be harmful to surrounding tissues [9-11].

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This page is a summary of: PEEK as a Potential Material for Dental Implants and its Biomechanical Properties and Osteoblast Cell Response, Journal of Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology, November 2021, Acquire Publications LLC,
DOI: 10.54289/jdoe2100106.
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