What is it about?
Numerical simulation is today widely used in several fields of engineering, and research undertaken for more than 20 years concerning the geometric and mechanical modeling of the spine gradually leads to clinical applications of major interest. Indeed, the in vivo and in vitro evaluation tools pose a certain number of limitations: non-standardized procedures and inter-specimen variability for in vitro tests, medical, ethical constraints, and inter-individual variability for in vivo. These limitations are actually obstacles to comparison. It is notably within the framework of implant comparisons that the methods of structural calculation, and more particularly finite element modeling, widely used in classical mechanics, find their usefulness. in this context, this present work consists in developing a threedimensional model of the cervical spine, in order to subsequently optimize the fitting of disc prostheses.
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Why is it important?
The lesion of the cervical spine represents 50.7% of the total trauma due to car accidents and the two upper functional units C2-C3 and lower C5-C6 are the most. The study of the response of the cervical spine to moment applied produced by high speed impact conditions such as the ejection of motor vehicle accidents where emergency pilots can provide important results which would contribute to improve safety and event systems to reduce injuries and fatalities. Although specific injury mechanisms are still being explored, several theories link the facets of the joints, the ligaments of the spine, between vertebral discs (IVD), the vertebral arteries, the spinal ganglia, and the neck muscles for possible causes of injury under high speed impact conditions . Numerous experimental and numerical studies have studied the response of the ligaments (devoid of muscles) of the cervical spine
Perspectives
From the results presented in the context of this work, we can draw the following conclusions: To perform a bio-faithful modeling, the geometry of the vertebrae must be generated automatically and we must take into account the non-linear behavior of the various components which form the cervical spine. The stress concentration (potential site of degeneration of the intervertebral disc) is located in the anterior portion of the fibrous ring in the case of flexion / extension and in the lateral region in the case of lateral flexion. In the case of ligaments, it has been found that the concentration of stress will always occur in the capsular ligament. Finally, it noted that this lowest cervical spine study The C5-C6 segment provides a powerful digital tool that can be easily used to study the biomechanics of disc prostheses of the cervical spine as well as the lesions of the latter. Work on these themes during the development of the spine.
Dr OUDRANE ABDELLATIF
Faculté des Sciences et Technologie Université Ahmed Draya d’Adrar
Read the Original
This page is a summary of: Numerical Modelling of the Behaviour of the Cervical Spine under the Effect of a Flexion / Extension, Algerian Journal of Renewable Energy and Sustainable Development, December 2019, Laboratory of Sustainable Development and Computer Science (LDDI),
DOI: 10.46657/ajresd.2019.1.2.4.
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