Effect of Biofield Treatment on Spectral Properties of Paracetamol and Piroxicam

What is it about?

Paracetamol and piroxicam are non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), widely used in pain and inflammatory diseases. The present study aimed to evaluate the impact of biofield treatment on spectral properties of paracetamol and piroxicam. The study was performed in two groups (control and treatment) of each drug. The control groups remained as untreated, and biofield treatment was given to treatment groups. Subsequently, spectral properties of both drugs before and after biofield treatment were characterized using FT-IR and UV-Vis spectroscopic techniques. FT-IR data of paracetamol showed N-H amide II bending peak in biofield treated paracetamol, which was shifted to lower wavenumber (1565 to 1555 cm-1) as compared to control. Further, the intensity of vibrational peaks in the range of 1171-965 cm-1 (C-O and C-N stretching) were increased in treated sample of paracetamol as compared to control. Similarly, the FT-IR data of piroxicam (treated) showed increased intensity of vibrational peaks at 1628 (amide C=O stretching), 1576-1560 cm-1 (C=C stretching) with respect to control peaks. Furthermore, vibrational peak of C=N stretching (1467 cm-1) was observed in biofield treated piroxicam. This peak was not observed in control sample, possibly due to its low intensity. Based on FT-IR data, it is speculated that bond length and dipole moment of some bonds like N-H (amide), C-O, and C-N in paracetamol and C=O (amide), C=N, and C=C in piroxicam might be changed due to biofield treatment. The UV spectrum of biofield treated paracetamol showed the shifting in wavelength of UV absorption as 243→248.2 nm and 200→203.4 nm as compared to control. Likely, the lambda max (λmax) of treated piroxicam was also shifted as 328 →345.6 nm, 241→252.2 nm, and 205.2→203.2 nm as compared to control. Overall results showed an impact of biofield treatment on the spectral properties of paracetamol and piroxicam.

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Why is it important?

Paracetamol [N-(4-Hydroxyphenyl) ethanamide] or acetaminophen (in United States) is an analgesic and antipyretic drug, widely used for pain (back and neck) and fever for approximately 50 years and has relatively few side effects [1,2]. However, it is ineffective in the pain originating from smooth muscle spasm in internal organs. Several guidelines published in Australia, New Zealand, and Europe consistently recommend the prescription of paracetamol for chronic low back pain [1,3]. Hence, it became one of the most popular and extensively used drug in the world for the treatment of pain and fever; especially for children. Initial literature report suggests that paracetamol acts through cyclooxygenases (COX) enzyme inhibition. In addition, a recent study showed a new mechanism of action i.e. indirect activation of cannabinoid CB1 receptors in brain and spinal cord [2,4]. Piroxicam is N-heterocyclic carboxamide of 1,2 benzothiazine 1,1 dioxide. It is a member of the oxicam series of compounds and now well established for the treatment of osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis as a better alternative to others drugs such as indomethacin, ibuprofen, aspirin, naproxen, sulindac, and diclofenac. It has an extended half-life of about 40 h, which enables it to be administered once daily [5,6]. Open clinical trials in thousands of patients (in hospital and in general practice) have shown its analgesic and anti-inflammatory efficacy in rheumatic diseases, musculoskeletal disorders, postoperative pain, and dysmenorrhoea. These studies also exhibited the good tolerability of piroxicam 20 mg daily with respect of gastrointestinal complaints that are most frequently reported side effects of other NSAIDs drugs. The gastrointestinal side effects have occurred less frequently with piroxicam than with therapeutically equivalent doses of indomethacin, aspirin, or phenylbutazone [6-8]. Chemical stability of pharmaceutical drugs or active ingredients is a matter of great concern as it affects the safety, efficacy, as well as long-term stability or shelf life of drugs or drug products [9]. Thus, it is important to evaluate an alternate strategy, which could enhance the stability of drugs by altering the structural and bonding properties of these compounds. Contemporarily, biofield treatment is recognized as a new approach to alter the physical and structural properties at the atomic level of various living and non-living things [9-11]. The conversion of mass into energy is well known in literature for hundreds of years that was further explained by Hasenohrl and Einstein [12,13]. Meanwhile, Planck M give a hypothesis that energy is a property of matter or substances that neither can be created nor destroyed but can be transmitted to other substances by changing into different forms [14]. According to Maxwell JC, every dynamic process in the human body had an electrical significance [15]. Rivera-Ruiz et al. reported that human biofield could be measure by electrocardiography, which can be found using some medical technologies such as electromyography, electrocardiography, and electroencephalogram. This electromagnetic field of the human body is known as biofield and energy associated with this field is known as biofield energy [16,17]. A human has the ability to harness the energy from environment or universe and can transmit into any living or nonliving object around this Globe. The object(s) always receive the energy and responding into useful way, this process is known as biofield treatment. Mr. Mahendra Kumar Trivedi’s biofield treatment has considerably altered physicochemical and structural properties of metals and ceramics [11,18-20]. A recent study reported that growth, anatomical characteristics, and contents of secondary metabolites of ashwagandha were increased after biofield treatment [21]. Further, biofield treatment has significantly enhanced the yield, nutrient value, and quality of various agriculture products [22,23]. Moreover, the antimicrobial susceptibility, biochemical reactions pattern, and biotype of some pathogenic microbes have also changed after biofield treatment [10,24]. Considering these facts, the present study was aimed to evaluate the impact of biofield treatment on spectral property of paracetamol and piroxicam and its effects were analyzed at atomic level using Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and Ultraviolet-Visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy.

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