What is it about?
This study examines the design of heat exchanger made of copper tube for cooling electric vehicle car battery system and the effects of base fluid and nano-fluid (as coolants) channeling inside the heat exchanger to increase heat transfer between the compartment of the electric vehicle car and the heat exchanger and comparison between them. The nano-fluid (CuO/pure water) was prepared by dispersing a nanoparticle (CuO) in base fluid (pure water). Nano-fluid (CuO/pure water) with a nominal diameter of 50 nm at volume concentrations (0.27 Vol. %) at batteries’ compartment temperature was used for these investigations. The analysis showed that secondary cooling system by means of nano-fluid (CuO/pure water) has advantages in improving the thermal conductivity and heat transfer coefficient, better from base fluid (pure water) also in Nusselt number. This results work on reducing the electric power loss in the form of thermal energy from batteries. This led to increase in the efficiency of the electric vehicle car battery, hence also improved the performance of the EV car and battery lifetime.
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Why is it important?
This study found that the heat transfer rate improvement is attained by using 50 nm diameter of nanoparticles dispersed in pure water with volume concentrations of 0.27 % of nano-fluid (CuO/pure water) in heat exchangers, when processed under the laminar flow. Analytical results showed the following: 1- The thermal conductivity of nano-fluid (CuO/pure water) improved 6 % compared to base fluid (pure water). 2- The heat transfer coefficient of nano-fluid (CuO/pure water) improved 62% compared to base fluid (pure water). 3- The heat transfer rate of nano-fluid (CuO/pure water) improved 49.2 % compared to base fluid (pure water). These conditions are due to several reasons, including: 1. The nano-particles provide very high surface areas to heat transfer and therefore increase the heat transfer and also increase the heat removal capacity from surrounding medium. 2. The volume concentration of nanoparticles (CuO) is paramount with respect to nano-fluid thermophysical properties that lead to increase the thermal efficiency with increasing volume concentration.
Perspectives
Development has occurred in the heat transfer field by means of nano-fluid. A considerable amount of research and experimental results have been published on nano-fluid. The heat rejection from a constrained small space is a hard challenge for conventional cooling techniques. Conventional methods to increase heat transfer rates from the batteries for electric vehicles (EV), which operate within temperature range and limited a space, are not suitable. The acceptable range or the battery’s “comfort zone” lies between 18 °C and 36 °C. When temperature exceeds 36 °C, it causes higher energy consumption, decreases the efficiency and battery lifetime. This is one of the crucial drawbacks for electric vehicles (EV). In light of these researches and experiments, we conclude the work of an analytical study on the operations of the heat transfer in cooling EV car system battery by using conventional fluid (pure water) and also nano-fluid (CuO/pure water) to improve heat transfer.
Dr. NAZIH Ahmed BIN-ABDUN
University Malaysia Perlis
Read the Original
This page is a summary of: The Performance of a Heat Exchanger Designed for Cooling Electric Vehicle Car Battery System by Use Base Fluid and Nano-Fluid, Applied Mechanics and Materials, September 2015, Trans Tech Publications,
DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.793.573.
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