(SET) Smart Energy Management and Throughput Maximization: A New Routing Protocol for WSNs

What is it about?

Energy efficiency and throughput are critical factors in the design routing protocols of WSNs. Many routing protocols based on clustering algorithm have been proposed. Current clustering algorithms often use cluster head selection and cluster formation to reduce energy consumption and maximize throughput in WSNs. In this chapter, the authors present a new routing protocol based on smart energy management and throughput maximization for clustered WSNs. The main objective of this protocol is to solve the constraint of closest sensors to the base station which consumes relatively more energy in sensed information traffics, and also decrease the workload on CHs. This approach divides network field into a free area which contains the closest sensors to the base station that communicate directly with, and the clustered area which contains the sensors that transmit data to the base station through cluster head. So due to the sensors that communicate directly to the base station, the load on cluster heads is decreased. Thus, the cluster heads consume less energy causing the increase of network lifetime.

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Why is it important?

While the energy efficiency and throughput maximization are major critical factors in designing algorithm of routing protocols for wireless sensor networks, many clustering algorithms based routing protocols have been proposed to achieve these critical factors. However, clustering algorithm based routing protocols are applicable under specific constraints. Such as in some cases, inefficient cluster heads can be elected. Because many clustering algorithms based routing protocols depend on probability to select cluster heads, and also some cluster heads can be located on the edge of network area. Thus, unbalanced size of clusters leads to increase the workload on cluster heads and closest sensors to the base station consume relatively more energy in sensed information traffics which means that the network lifetime is minimized. This chapter proposed smart energy management and throughput maximization based a new protocol for clustered WSNs, namely SET protocol. The algorithm of SET protocol divide network field into the free area which contains the free sensors (or closest sensors to the base station) that communicates directly with the base station, and the clustered area which contains the sensors that transmit sensed data to the base station through cluster heads which are already selected. Thus, the workload on cluster heads is relatively decreased and also the constraint of the closest sensors to the base station which consume more energy in information traffics is relatively solved. Moreover, this routing approach reduces overall energy consumption in WSNs.

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