Comparison of the effects of different concentrations of Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP) on the healing of skin wounds in rats

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Background Platelets are the main source of the growth factor complex, which plays a fundamental role in natural wound healing. Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP), derived from platelets, is a living material that has a positive effect on wound healing. Aim We aimed to demonstrate the effects of PRP prepared at three different concentrations on the healing process using open wound models created in rats and to evaluate their effects on wound healing rates and histopathological changes during healing. Methods 55 female Wistar Albino rats weighing 250±25 grams were used. Fifteen of these animals were used as donors only for platelet rich plasma preparation and surgical procedures were performed on the other 40 animals. Group 1(n=10), was the control group. On days 1, 4, 7 and 10 PRP was applied to the wound area of Group 2(n=10) at a concentration of 200,000/mcl; PRP was applied to the wound area of Group 3(n=10) at a concentration of 600,000/mcl; and PRP was applied to the wound area of Group 4(n=10) at a concentration of 1,000,000/mcl. Results In the statistical analysis of the mean pathological scores of epithelialisation, inflammation and fibrosis, a significant difference was found between Groups 1 and 2; 1 and 3; and 1 and 4 (p<0.05). There was no significant difference between Groups 2 and 3; 2 and 4; and 3 and 4 in terms of epithelialisation, inflammation and fibrosis (p>0.05). When the wound areas measured at the end of the study were compared, it was found that the wound areas in Groups 2, 3 and 4 were significantly smaller than in the control group (p<0.05). The Group 2,3 and 4 wounds were significantly smaller than the control group ‘s (p<0.05), and although there was no difference between Group 3 and 4, the mean area in Group 4 was less than Group 3’s (p>0.05). Conclusion Double centrifugal PRP doses obtained by different methods are more effective and these PRP forms can be used safely in wound healing. Implication for clinical practice The highly concentrated liquid form of PRP (1000–1100×10³/ml) obtained by double centrifugation is the most effective form in enhancing wound healing, as proven by wound area measurements.

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