A cross-sectional study using the skin tear knowledge assessment instrument (OASES) to assess registered nurses’ knowledge of the identification, classification, prevention, assessment and management of skin tears in a geriatric rehabilitation hospital

What is it about?

Skin tears (STs) are acute traumatic wounds caused by friction, shearing and/or blunt force that result in the rupture of skin layers, the dermis and/or epidermis. Among the main causes are wheelchair injuries (mechanical trauma) and transfers, falls and the removal of adhesives. This study aimed to investigate nurses’ current knowledge of the identification, classification, prevention, assessment and management of STs. The intention was to identify knowledge gaps to design an appropriate education programme for improving skills in the assessment, prevention and identification of STs; to increase awareness; and improve and facilitate existing knowledge of STs. The ST knowledge assessment instrument OASES was used, as this is a validated tool. A pilot phase determined whether the language and content of the tool were understood, and to verify the time required to complete the survey. For the main study, a questionnaire was emailed to 139 registered nurses working in a geriatric rehabilitation hospital located in Malta. In all, 101 responses were gathered over a four-week period (73.4% response rate). The overall results indicated knowledge deficits across the identification, prevention, assessment and management domains of STs. Results for domains related to aetiology, classification and observation, and specific patient groups showed a good level of knowledge, but risk assessment, prevention and treatment showed poor knowledge. Immediate recommendations include the adoption of best practice guidelines and protocols to improve nurses’ awareness and knowledge of STs. This will be facilitated by the development of an education programme to address the knowledge gaps identified.

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