What is it about?
Practical overview of rare and unusual non-fermenting Gram-negative bacteria (NFGNB). While most clinicians are familiar with Pseudomonas aeruginosa or Acinetobacter baumannii, less is known about emerging species such as Elizabethkingia, Achromobacter, Burkholderia, and others. These organisms often show complex resistance patterns, making antibiotic choices challenging. The review summarizes current knowledge on their identification, resistance mechanisms, and therapeutic options, offering a useful guide for clinicians facing infections caused by these rare pathogens.
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Why is it important?
Infections caused by rare non-fermenting Gram-negative bacteria are becoming more frequent, especially among vulnerable patients such as those in intensive care or with compromised immune systems. These pathogens are often resistant to multiple antibiotics, leaving few treatment options and increasing the risk of poor outcomes. Because they are uncommon, many clinicians are unfamiliar with how to identify and treat them effectively. Raising awareness and providing guidance on their management is essential to improve patient care and combat the growing threat of antimicrobial resistance.
Perspectives
Future research should focus on improving diagnostic accuracy, especially through advanced tools like MALDI-TOF and molecular techniques, and on developing new therapeutic strategies, including novel antibiotics, combination therapies, and anti-biofilm approaches.
Professor Stefano Di Bella
Universita degli Studi di Trieste
Read the Original
This page is a summary of: Rare or Unusual Non-Fermenting Gram-Negative Bacteria: Therapeutic Approach and Antibiotic Treatment Options, Antibiotics, March 2025, MDPI AG,
DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics14030306.
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Contributors
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