Ectopic Eruption of Upper First Molars: Early Results on Prevalence in Spanish Children

What is it about?

The ectopic eruption of the maxillary first permanent molar (EEM) is a local alteration of dental eruption with a multifactorial aetiology. The aims of our study were to determine the prevalence of the EEM in children and to analyse whether there is a relationship between EEM and dento-skeletal characteristics. A total of 322 children were analysed with the Ricketts cephalometric study and descriptive and analytical statistical analysis was carried out. The prevalence of EEM was 8.7%, with no statistically significant differences regarding gender or location, but a higher prevalence in the 7-year-old age group (18.8%) and bilateral EEM was more prevalent than unilateral EEM (p < 0.05). The most frequent findings were a shortened anterior cranial base, a retroposition of the maxilla and a distal position of the upper permanent first molar in relation to the pterygoid vertical in children with EEM. No statistically significant differences were found regarding the cephalometric parameters except a decreased palatal plane in the bilateral EEM group and a distal upper incisor position in the EEM group (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the prevalence of the EEM was 8.7%, more frequently bilateral, and significantly in seven-year-old patients. Children with bilateral EEM have decreased palatal plane values and a more posterior position of the upper incisor.

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Photo by Kamal Hoseinianzade on Unsplash

Photo by Kamal Hoseinianzade on Unsplash

Why is it important?

The study of ectopic eruption of maxillary first permanent molars is important for several reasons. First, it raises awareness of how common this condition is among children, which helps in recognizing the need for early diagnosis and intervention. Understanding the prevalence in a specific population allows clinicians to anticipate and manage the condition effectively. Second, ectopic eruption can lead to complications such as impaction, premature loss of primary teeth, and misalignment of other teeth. By examining the dentoskeletal characteristics associated with this condition, dental professionals can better predict potential issues and implement preventive measures. Third, the findings can inform treatment strategies by indicating when to intervene based on the age and characteristics of the eruption, which is vital for maintaining dental arch integrity and preventing further problems. Additionally, the research contributes to the broader understanding of pediatric dental issues, helping practitioners educate parents about the signs of ectopic eruption and the importance of regular dental check-ups for early detection. Finally, investigating this issue within a specific population, such as Spanish pediatric patients, allows for culturally relevant insights that can improve healthcare practices tailored to that demographic. Overall, the study highlights the significance of timely diagnosis and intervention in managing ectopic eruption, ultimately promoting better oral health outcomes for children.

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