Relating particles of matter and energy by means of electrical charges

What is it about?

PRELIMINARY NOTE - The photoelectric effect, plus imaginary and complex numbers, say the universe never Started with a Bang In A Brief History of Time, Stephen Hawking said there are no boundaries or singularities in imaginary time. I know Wick rotation is regarded as mathematical convenience or trickery. But Max Planck thought of his idea of quanta as a math convenience. And Albert Einstein seems to have developed the photoelectric effect's explanation from Planck's quanta. So could Wick rotation also end up having practical application, with our so-called real time existing on the X-axis and imaginary time on the y-axis. In that case, would the lack of boundaries and singularities mean the universe has no beginning or end? The relevance of imaginary numbers to the cosmos is that complex numbers have uses in quantum field theory, special and general relativity, and spinors. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- As the movie "Interstellar" pointed out, people will oneday be able to build things they can't build now. Let's scientifically explore a few of those things. (Thanks go to Penny from TV's "Big Bang Theory" for inspiring Interstellar-related thoughts!) At the start of the 20th century, physicist Max Planck assumed that electromagnetic radiation can only be emitted or absorbed in discrete packets, called quanta. He thought of his discovery as nothing more than a math device ... a kind of trickery. Albert Einstein developed his explanation of the photoelectric effect from this “mathematical convenience”. So it appears entirely possible that another supposed mathematical trickery (Wick rotation) will find practical application in the future. Imagine the universe actually is a holographic projection or a computer simulation where every fermion and boson is linked by the AI-generating BITS (binary digits) of 1 and 0. What happens to formal mathematical definitions when every fermion and boson is linked? The linkage means everything throughout time and space can be regarded as one particle. This is reminiscent of John Wheeler's and Richard Feynman's speculation that the entire universe consists of just one electron, zigzagging through time. If the universe can be regarded as one particle, how can one thing be added to another thing? Then 1+1=2 cannot be true in an absolute or quantum-gravity sense. 1+1=2 would only be true in the human frame of reference (it would also be true in the technology and mathematics which the human frame of reference developed). 1+1 would equal 2 if human technology from the 21st century used general relativity's curvature of time - made circular by Wick rotation and Warping spacetime - to create the universe. But I look around and see that our tech/maths is not advanced enough yet. In forwards time travel, the waves composing mass in the x-axis and y-axis rotate in the counter-clockwise direction. Compare Wick rotation to a DVD that has no end. The future destination is reached by a computer using tensor calculus to change the present coordinates in the Cosmic DVD to ones in the future. To use a simple example confined to two dimensions: -1,+ i becomes +1, -i. This is interdimensional travel since it incorporates both the time and space elements of the time-space unity i.e. Wick rotation residing in the Mobius strips and figure-8 Klein bottles * composing space and mass. Backwards travel in time is identical to forward trips except for the coordinates being different and belonging to points in the past. * 1-dimensional BITS encode two-dimensional (2D) Mobius bands instead of the untwisted Strings of String Theory (also, binary digits may be thought of as strings of 1’s and 0’s). A Mobius band, with its undulations and single surface, must be travelled around twice to reach the starting point. This raises the possibility that billions or trillions of Mobius strips compose every particle of matter since such particles must be turned 720 degrees (completely rotated twice) to look the same. If photons and gravitons share EDM with neutrons, it’s reasonable to conclude the symmetry means photons and gravitons are composed of Mobius loops. Electromagnetism and gravitation aren’t identical, so a photon might be simply constructed from billions of Mobius bands while a more complex graviton might be based on a pair of Mobius strips uniting into a figure-8 Klein bottle which is immersed in the 3rd dimension. Billions, or more, of these “Mobius Doublets” form a graviton. Photon-graviton momentum and interaction would not only produce a matter particle’s, and black hole's, quantum spin but a pressure that’s equivalent to what we call mass or solidity. Any particle’s mass, including the Higgs boson’s or that of the bosons belonging to the nuclear forces, would be created this way. Possessing an electric dipole moment, every massive or force-carrying particle would have both positive and negative charge – capable of cancelling to produce neutrality. The imaginary numbers - essential to quantum physics - in Wick rotation would combine with Wick's real numbers to produce time, and rotation of gravitational and electromagnetic waves would be energy forming mass on the x-axis plus dark energy forming dark matter on the y-axis. It's definitely true that my article is not satisfactory according to the traditional scientific view. My approach may be called quantum-gravitational. I take "educated guesses", using the present state of scientific knowledge, at what might be revealed by a future union of General Relativity and Quantum Mechanics. Educated guesses sound remote from real science, but it's the best that can be done with a theory which doesn't exist yet. Of course, the maths accompanying that theory doesn't exist either - so formal mathematics can't be used. The quantum-gravitational approach isn't meant to be purely mathematical but also physical, with the binary digits and Mobius strips that compose every fermion and boson being linked - a state at odds with our human frame of reference of seeing objects and events as separated.

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Photo by George Pagan III on Unsplash

Photo by George Pagan III on Unsplash

Why is it important?

This work is timely since it talks about combining general relativity with quantum mechanics. Such a theory - called quantum gravity - is much anticipated by science and the work's special way of looking at things offers a unique approach to developing a theory of quantum gravity. Using a procedure called “Vector-Tensor-Scalar Geometry” that is related to quaternions plus the Higgs boson and field, the article shows how 4-dimensional space-time can result from binary digits or base 2 mathematics, Mobius bands, figure-8 Klein bottles, and Wick rotation. Imaginary numbers are essential to quantum mechanics, and this article connects the imaginary numbers of Wick rotation to the nature of time. The 1’s and 0’s of binary digits described here are not addressed by the classical EPR Paradox - they're compatible with quantum entanglement/mechanics but may nevertheless be referred to as the Hidden Variables which Einstein advocated to complete quantum physics, and to give its calculations an exactness which would bring a hidden order to its randomness and superficial uncertainty. If everything in space and time is regarded as one particle composing the universe, no subatomic particle could ever be in two places at once because only one place would actually exist. And if waves and particles are unified into one phenomenon, wave-particle duality would be the natural condition of all mass and energy. Immediately before submission to Qeios for publication, a few topics were added to this article - dark matter, precession of planet Mercury, the Hodge conjecture, and the Riemann hypothesis. (Just as E=mc^2 describes how energy produces matter, dark energy is not viewed as the cause of universal expansion. It's seen as the producer of dark matter.)

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