What is it about?
The interaction of oleic acid, as an anionic detergent, with cellulase enzyme has been investigated using different techniques. These techniques include surface tension, turbidity and FTIR. The surface tension measurements show that the CMC of the oleic acid-cellulase mixture is lower than for the individual components. The interaction in this case is defined as attractive and exhibits synergism. Also, it is found that the area per molecule for the oleic acid/cellulase mixed isotherm is lower than the pure oleic acid. This decrease in the area/molecule is due to the accommodation of cellulase molecules in-between the oleic acid chains. Turbidity measurements indicate formation of two complexes. Complex 1 is obtained at low oleic concentration (<10-4M) with compact size giving high turbidity. Complex 2 is formed at higher oleic concentration (>10-4 M) where the formed aggregates were precipitated and turbidity was decreased. The changes in the FTIR spectrum features of cellulase after oleic acid addition indicate an interaction between cellulase and oleic acid in their mixture.
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Why is it important?
Mixtures of protein and soluble surfactant are common in food processing, pharmaceutical production and detergency products. Their interactions in bulk solution and at interfaces are key features of interfacial phenomena that govern these technologies.
Perspectives
It was indicated that there is a strong interaction between cellulase and oleic acid in their mixture. However, the binding behavior is complex and involves a combination of electrostatic forces and hydrophobic interactions. At low oleic acid concentrations, there is an ionic interaction between the carboxylic head group and the basic residue on the cellulase molecules. After saturation of charged sites, at higher oleic acid concentration, a cooperative association takes place that is driven by hydrophobic interactions. . However, it is assumed that two different complexes coexist: complex 1 is similar to that obtained at low oleic acid concentrations, (<10-4M) and has a compact structure; and complex 2 is a larger complex obtained at higher oleic acid concentrations, (>10-4M) in which cellulase has a more open, expanded structure, presumably caused by the binding of a greater amount of oleic acid species.
prof ahmed yehia yehia metallurgist
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This page is a summary of: Interactions of Cellulase and Oleic Acid Solution Mixtures, Tenside Surfactants Detergents, March 2016, Carl Hanser Verlag,
DOI: 10.3139/113.110423.
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