What is it about?
This study was conducted to detect and quantify three mycotoxins Dioxynivalenol, Nivalenol and Fumonisin B2 in seeds of seven wheat cultivars planted in 17 wheat fields in Basra province, Iraq. This was done by using High Performance Liquid chromatographs analysis. The results revealed that Fumonisin B2 was the predominant mycotoxin, which present in 10 fields. The lowest concentration rate of this mycotoxin was 110 µg/Kg and the maximum was 11,228 µg/Kg. Dioxynivalenol as a trichothecene was in the second level detected in 6 fields with a minimum concentration of 8 µg/Kg and a maximum of 1,060 µg/Kg. Nivalenol was found only in 4 fields ranging from 272-1900 µg/Kg. Fumonisin B2 Only three fields showed co-occurrence of two mycotoxins (Fumonisin B2 and Nivalenol) in each, but with various concentration rates. The seven cultivars tested in this study were varied in their reactions to subjected mycotoxins. Adana 99 (A. 99) cultivar showed the highest concentration rate of both Fumonisin B2 and Nivalenol, which present with average percentage of 64% and 58% respectively. While, for Dioxynivalenol, Ebaa 99 (E.99) was on the top, it occurred in 6 fields ranging from 8-1060 µg/Kg with an average percentage of 43%.
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Why is it important?
The results of recent study establish the first report of the concentration rate, co-incidence and spatial distribution of FB2 and two type-B trichothecenes (DON and NIV) of great concern from the seeds of main wheat-growing fields in the south of Iraq, Basra province, Iraq
Perspectives
The probability of accumulation of mycotoxins in the kernels, especially those produced by Fusarium species, is the main issue of health hazard for animals and humans. The relationship between FHB incidence and mycotoxin concentrations is predominantly associated with the cultivar practiced and particular environmental conditions. FHB concentration in some cultivars connected well with FB2 and NIV occurred in the grains in the recent study, but negative connection was detected for DON. There is a need for comprehensive similar studies to examine more wheat grains produced in the rest of Iraqi provinces detecting mycotoxin types especially those associated with FHB and FCR diseases. Also, the effects of these mycotoxins on grain quantity and quality should be considered to determine their economic losses.
Dr. Mohammed Hussein Minati
Read the Original
This page is a summary of: First Report of Three kinds of Mycotoxins Dioxynivalenol, Nivalenol and Fumonisin B2 in Seeds of Seven Wheat Cultivars in Iraq., The Iraqi Journal of Veterinary Medicine, August 2019, Baghdad University College of Veterinary Medicine,
DOI: 10.30539/iraqijvm.v43i1.469.
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