A radiographic study to determine the possible existence of a “safe zone” ...

What is it about?

Introduction: Studies have shown that the most common position of the mental foramen in several Asian populations was in line with the apex of the second premolar. Therefore, we seek to determine the average distance of the mental foramen to the apex of the second premolar by using the crown length of the second premolar as a ruler. We hope to define a “safe zone” in this region. Methodology: Measurements were made from the apex of the second premolar to the mental foramen of ninety seven dental radiographs fulfilling the criteria set. Results: Non-detection of mental foramina happened significantly more often in female subjects than male (Pearson Chi-square; p=0.01). Of the mental foramina that were visible, 96% were found to be located within one-crown distance from the apex. More mental foramina (37.1%; 56 sites) were located at the apex than any other locations. This is followed by finding the mental foramina located at ¼-crown distance from the apex (26.5%; 40 sites). The visibility of the mental foramen was found to be significantly limited in females and in patients aged 50 and above (Pearson Chi-square; p<0.05). Conclusion: These findings suggest that there is no safe zone against accidental extrusion of endodontic files and materials in the second premolar region.Keywords: endodontology, complication, inferior alveolar nerve, mental nerve, mental foramen.

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