Perfectly Matched Layers and Characteristic Boundaries in Lattice Boltzmann: Accuracy vs Cost

What is it about?

Artificial boundary conditions (BC) are essential in simulations to accurately model physical systems when the computational domain is truncated for efficiency. Non-reflective boundary conditions (NRBC), like perfectly matched layers (PML), absorb outgoing waves to prevent artifacts. This study examines PML in the lattice Boltzmann method, comparing different BCs at the edge of the dampening zone. It is shown that combining PML with NRBC allows for accurate and stable simulations with minimal extra computational cost if the parameters of the BC are properly tuned.

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