What is it about?
Thyroid cancers are frequent in the endocrine system especially differentiated thyroid carcinoma and 95% of all thyroid cancer cases are differentiated neoplasmas. They have a favorable prognosis; however although, a small group present recurrence in 10-15% of patients following the standard treatment, surgery and radioiodine. Medullary thyroid carcinoma which is a neoplasm of the parafollicular C cells of the thyroid is responsible for a high number of thyroid cancer related deaths.
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Why is it important?
Nowadays, the therapeutic options for advanced differentiated neoplasms, metastatic disease or anaplastic car- cinoma are scarce. Recently, multitargeted kinase inhibitors are considered as new treatments for differentiated thyroid neoplasms and have been introduced in their management. Nowadays tyrosine kinase inhibitors should be used in the treatment of patients with refractory differentiated thyroid carcinoma and in those cases that present progression.
Perspectives
Thyrosine kinase inhibitors are able in thyroid cancer to interfere in the proliferation, invasion, and neoangiogenesis of neoplastic cells in thyroid cancer. The US Food and Drug Administration and the European Medicine Agency approved two multitargeted kinase inhibitors, sorafenib and lenvatinib. Some other controlled trials with tyrosine kinase inhibitors, as vandetanib and carbozantinib, have been finished and are now the two approved drugs in advanced medullary thyroid cancers. Thus, these drugs targeting represents a challenging approach with promising potential to circumvent some problems associated with many toxic effects of antineoplastic drugs.
Dr José-Manuel Gómez-Sáez
Hospital de Bellvitge
Read the Original
This page is a summary of: Treatment of Patients with Advanced Thyroid Cancer, Current Biomarkers, January 2017, Bentham Science Publishers,
DOI: 10.2174/2468422806666160714150701.
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