What is it about?
This paper looks at different projects related to sustainability, smart cities and urban planning and analyses the different perspectives that are used to approach a problem. These perspectives are referred to as 'points of departure.'
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Why is it important?
The different perspectives frame the types of tools and options considered for tackling a problem. The implications of the different perspective ('point of departure') in the paper, is that it dictates the suite of solutions.
Perspectives
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This page is a summary of: Transforming the Engineering of Cities: ‘Points of Departure’ for Future Visioning, Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Urban Design and Planning, April 2018, ICE Publishing,
DOI: 10.1680/jurdp.17.00035.
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