What is it about?
Pharmacists are only knowledgeable and skilled healthcare professionals dedicated to compounding and preparing medications to meet the unique needs of patients. The safe and effective extemporaneous compounding of prescription products for patients require in special care is fundamental to the pharmacy profession. But there are much to do for secundum artem. It is not at all economical for a pharmaceutical company to marketize a product in 10 different probable doses or in 5 different dosage forms to meet the needs of the entire range of individuals receiving therapy. Although development is a continuous process, companies are customizing features to meet the majority of patient needs, but the very nature of the process cannot meet all patient needs. The risk-benefit ratio of using traditionally compounded medicines is favorable for patients who require specialized medications that are not commercially available, as they would otherwise not have access to suitable treatment. However, if an FDA-approved drug is commercially available, the use of an unapproved compounded drug confers additional risk with no commensurate benefit. Published reports of independent testing by the FDA, state agencies, and others consistently show that compounded drugs fail to meet specifications at a considerably higher rate than FDA-approved drugs. Compounded sterile preparations pose the additional risk of microbial contamination to patients. In the last 11 years, three separate meningitis outbreaks have been traced to purportedly ‘sterile’ steroid injections contaminated with fungus or bacteria, which were made by compounding pharmacies. The 2012 outbreak has resulted in intense scrutiny of pharmacy compounding practices and increased recognition of the need to ensure that compounding is limited to appropriate circumstances. Purpose of The Study: The article aims to physico-chemical and economic considerations before compounding; factors and quality control issues; compounding support, training, chemical supplies, types of compounding (specially in hospital and ambulatory care compounding). It should aid to practice the extemporaneous preparation of basic and advanced formulations including pharmacopoeial and non-pharmacopoeial formulations encountered in pharmacy practice, together with requisite documentation, labeling, packaging and counseling requirements. Along with this, they have to study the analysis of formulations and their components and relate these to the clinical performance of medicines. This will help them to investigate, evaluate and report the physical characteristics of formulations including release kinetics and relate these to quality control and preformulation requirements; relate the application of quality control, quality assurance and the principles of good manufacturing practice to regulation of medicine production in home and abroad.
Featured Image
Photo by freestocks.org on Unsplash
Perspectives
Selective compounding for patient based on age, sex, height and other physical considerations.
Mr. Abdul Kader Mohiuddin
Read the Original
This page is a summary of: Extemporaneous Compounding: Cautions, Controversies and Convenience, Innovative Journal of Medical and Health Science, January 2019, Innovative Journal,
DOI: 10.15520/ijmhs.v9i1.2420.
You can read the full text:
Resources
Improving policies and practices for the extemporaneous compounding of oral liquid dosage forms in Saudi Arabian hospitals
This review found that, although resources on the compounding of oral liquid dosage forms exist, pharmacies need to carefully assess their quality and relevance and update local policies and practices. The majority (80%) of the current MFs used in MNGHA institutions were rejected due to inappropriate compounding practices and inaccuracies.
Standardization of Concentrations for Extemporaneously Compounded Oral Liquid Medications.
Many children require medications in oral liquid dosage forms when their dose does not conform to a manufactured tablet or capsule size. Liquid medications are also needed for children who are unable to swallow solid dosage forms. This statement from the PPAG is in support of standardizing the concentrations of extemporaneous formulations of liquid medications for the benefits of safety, accuracy, and overall communication between providers.
Critical appraisal of commercially available suspending vehicles for extemporaneous compounding of cardiovascular medicines: physical and chemical stability mini review.
Oral liquid formulations are compounded by pharmacists to meet the needs of patients when a suitable commercially available product is not available. To minimize the errors associated with measuring multiple excipients and to enhance the shelf-life of the medicines, commercially available suspending bases are commonly used.
Extemporaneous Preparation of Injectable and Enzymatically Degradable 3D Cell Culture Matrices from an Animal-Component-Free Recombinant Protein Based on Human Collagen Type I.
Injectable hydrogels are considered important to realize safe and effective minimally invasive therapy. Although animal-derived natural polymers are well studied, they typically lack injectability and fail to eliminate the potential risks of immunogenic reactions or unknown pathogen contamination. Despite extensive research activities to explore ideal injectable hydrogels, such state-of-the-art technology remains inaccessible to non-specialists
Contributors
The following have contributed to this page
