What is it about?
This publication looks at variation in expression patterns from three viral groups, showing that some viruses enter their host cells using routes specific to immune cells, which could either be T-cells or B-cells.
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Why is it important?
This article defines a path to designing rapid diagnostic test against viruses with aim to identify and survey pathogen presence in hosts. Given that most commonly used virus diagnostic test are along species specific lines, the test may require knowledge and most at times very complex to apply but several underdeveloped countries are prone to misdiagnosis due to lack of these test tools and prescription is based on disease symptoms observed. This work identifies a genetic framework to separate viral types from other pathogens and further separate viruses based on immune specificity. Development of a related test tool will help in rapid diagnosis and virus surveillance in infected populations.
Perspectives
The viral burden poses serious challenges to the research world and the observation of epidemic occurrences seen with Ebola and Zika has left the world helpless as we watch massive fatality in human hosts. Monitoring viruses seems to be a big challenge, given that their genetic material integrates in host DNA and/or uses host replication and translation machinery to multiply itself. Surveillance and rapid detection tests for viral pathogens is critical for epidemic control and this work shows that viruses differentially regulate host genome upon entry. Through epigenetic and differential splicing genetic mechanisms, four main proteins (CD209, LCK, IL2 and MYB) change their expression patterns inhibiting immune cell activation. This gene regulation pattern is a point of focus by our lab and for use in rapid test designs which can help detect viruses and also survey viral presence in hosts before an epidemic occurs.
Dr Daniel A Achinko
National Institutes of Health
Read the Original
This page is a summary of: Regulatory patterns of differentially expressed genes in Ebola and related viruses are critical for viral screening and diagnosis, F1000Research, March 2017, Faculty of 1000, Ltd.,
DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.10597.1.
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Resources
Relative mean (RMEAN) count data normalized (RCDN) table
Relative Mean data across virus types obtained from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO)
edgeR processed data for differential expression analyses
Cluster organized data table for Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) obtained data Relative mean values across virus types
Total Gene Ontology pathways identified for differential expression analysis
Gene Ontology molecular functions obtained across virus data sets indicating intense immune function
Total KEGG pathways identified for differential expression analysis
Pathways related to Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), which shows intense transfer of ions with related signaling involved molecules.
Virus data processing scripts
Software for data analysis
Contributors
The following have contributed to this page
