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This page is a summary of: Active (Systolic) Reflux Demonstrated in a Below-Knee Isolated Incompetent Perforating Vein Associated With a Symptomatic Varicose Vein Using Infrared Thermography, Illustrated by a Case Report, Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, September 2026, SAGE Publications,
DOI: 10.1177/15385744261491459.
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