What is it about?
We demonstrated a high correlation between the vibrational frequencies of the micro-substance adhering to a linen fiber coming from the Shroud of Turin and those of blood derivatives. On all 13 frequencies, 12 corresponds to biliverdin. The 13th frequency matches the amide I line of proteins. The EDS analysis confirms that the material smeared on the fiber is coming from blood. We also noted within these lines few molecular vibrations present not only in biliverdin but also in bilirubin, phorphyrin, and more generally in molecules with pyrrole ring(s), γLactam ring(s) and carbonyl group(s).
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Why is it important?
Very likely the material smeared on the fiber contains oxidized or photo-oxidized «degradations» product of blood. Definitely it is not a paint pigment.
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This page is a summary of: Raman and Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) Analyses of a Microsubstance Adhering to a Fiber of the Turin Shroud, Applied Spectroscopy, July 2017, SAGE Publications,
DOI: 10.1177/0003702817715291.
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Resources
Frontiers in Optics 2016, OSA Tech. Dig. 2016. paper JTh2A.84.
J. P. Laude. "Raman - EDS Coupling for identification of unknown substances in Archaeology applied to the Turin Shroud". In Frontiers in Optics 2016, OSA Tech. Dig. 2016. paper JTh2A.84.
Raman and Fluorescence spectra of UV or proton exposed linens: a tentative to evaluate some hypotheses on the Shroud of Turin image formation. 26th International Conference On Raman Spectroscopy, ICORS 2018, August 26-31, 2018. ICC Jeju, Jeju, Korea.
About some conjectures about the process of the image formation on the Shroud of Turin
Raman and Fluorescence spectra of UV or proton exposed linens: a tentative to evaluate some hypotheses on the Shroud of Turin image formation. 26th International Conference On Raman Spectroscopy, ICORS 2018, August 26-31, 2018. ICC Jeju, Jeju, Korea.
Abstract Among many other conjectures about the process of the image formation on the Shroud of Turin, it has been hypothesized that the faint yellowed body image apparent on this famous archaeological linen cloth could have been radiation-based imprinted in unknowned circumstances: by UV photons as hypothesized by G. Baldacchini and others, by protons as hypothesized J-B Rinaudo, or by any kind of energy radiation. From our tests we conclude that: - For UV and protons illuminations photochemical reactions of the flax at shallow depth from the surface, without thermolysis, can be revealed by modifications of color and Raman spectrum. At large intensity and long duration a thermolysis can be revealed by birefringence destruction, noticeable fluorescence and strong Carbon bands in Raman. - Among available excitations λe = 473 nm and 830 nm respectively.for Fluorescence and Raman gave the best results, - The possibility of obtaining photochemical reactions of the cellulose of linen without thermolysis with illumination at 325 nm was shown by darkening and Raman spectrum modification. - On linen irradiated under protons by J-B Rinaudo, the Raman spectrum of cellulose disappears and the fluorescence increases significantly. This does not in itself invalidate his theory but it means that he used too intense and too long flux. - As shown long ago the image of the Shroud. is not more fluorescent than its background. So the image on the Shroud could not be obtained by protons as intense and as long as in Rinaudo experiments. - More generally any hypothesis of an image drawn on the Shroud by a thermal effect of any kind must be rejected: if it were so this image would be fluorescent, but as shown long ago this image is not more fluorescent than its background. - The hypothesis, that the image could have been imprinted by UV or protons or any kind of energy radiation, can be preserved only if a notion of very high energy + ultra-short duration allowing chemical reaction without pyrolysis is added.
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