Biochemical Differentiation & Molecular Characterization of Biofield Treated Vibrio parahaemolyticus

What is it about?

The recent emergence of the Vibrio parahaemolyticus (V. parahaemolyticus) is a pandemic. For the safety concern of seafood, consumer monitoring of this organism in seafood is very much essential. The current study was undertaken to evaluate the impact of Mr. Trivedi’s biofield energy treatment on [ATCC-17802] strain of V. parahaemolyticus for its biochemical characteristics, biotype and 16S rDNA analysis. The lyophilized strain of V. parahaemolyticus was divided into two parts, Group (Gr.) I: control and Gr. II: treated. Gr. II was further subdivided into two parts, Gr. IIA and Gr. IIB. Gr. IIA was analyzed on day 10, whereas, Gr. IIB was stored and analyzed on day 142 (Study I). After retreatment of Gr. IIB on day 142 (Study II), the sample was divided into three separate tubes. The tubes first, second and third were analyzed on day 5, 10, and 15, respectively. The biochemical reaction and biotyping were performed using automated MicroScan Walk-Away® system. The 16S rDNA sequencing was carried out to correlate the phylogenetic relationship of V. parahaemolyticus with other bacterial species after the treatment. The results of biochemical reactions were altered 24.24%, out of thirty-three in the treated groups with respect to the control. Moreover, negative (-) reaction of urea was changed to positive (+) in the revived treated Gr. IIB, Study II on day 15 as compared to the control. Besides, biotype number was substantially changed in all the treated groups as compared to the control. However, change in organisms were reported in Gr. IIA on day 10 and in Gr. IIB; Study II on day 5 as Shewanella putrefaciens and Moraxella/Psychrobacter spp., respectively with respect to the control i.e. Vibrio sp. SF. 16S rDNA analysis showed that the identified sample in this experiment was V. parahaemolyticus after biofield treatment, and the nearest homolog genus-species was observed as Vibrio natriegens with 98% gene identity. The results envisaged that the biofield energy treatment showed an alteration in biochemical reaction pattern and biotype number on the strain of V. parahaemolyticus.

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Why is it important?

Vibrio parahaemolyticus (V. parahaemolyticus) is a Gram-negative, human-pathogenic halophilic bacterium. The species is a natural inhabitant of the marine environment as part of estuarian microflora and coastal marine waters. The organism can be present in crabs, shrimps, fish, oysters, mussels and other seafood [1-3]. The infections of V. parahaemolyticus occur due to the ingestion of contaminated raw or undercooked seafood and are an important cause of gastroenteritis in humans [4,5]. The organism has been recognized as the cause of sporadic cases of gastroenteritis in the coastal areas of the world, especially Japan, because they are very much habitual for the consumption of inadequately cooked seafood [6]. The pathogenicity of Vibrio species is due to the massive production of several virulence factors viz. enterotoxin, haemolysin, cytotoxin, protease, lipase, phospholipase, siderophore, adhesive factor and/or haemagglutinins [7]. Several studies have reported that the pathogenicity of V. parahaemolyticus is conferred by the production of two well-defined hemolysin proteins, i.e. thermostable direct hemolysin (TDH) and TDH-related hemolysin (TRH) in humans. Although the mechanism of action of these two proteins at the cellular level is not yet well characterized [6, 8]. Based on findings of many studies, it was described that the virulent strain of V. parahaemolyticus carries either the gene tdh or trh, or both and transmit through plasmids or insertion elements [9]. Apart from thermostable haemolysin proteins, a thermolabile haemolysin (TLH) encoded with the tlh gene is considered as a species-specific marker in the strains of V. parahaemolyticus [10]. Based on the biochemical studies, it was reported that the tdh gene, marked by a β-type haemolysis [11], was correlated to a urease positive test [12], and served as the marker for pathogenic strains of Vibrio species. As V. parahaemolyticus is an important foodborne pathogen. To reduce the risk of V. parahaemolyticus infection and to ensure the safety aspect of seafood, an alternative strategy can be used. Biofield energy treatment has been known as an alternative approach that may be useful in that concern. Based on the bioplasma concept of consciousness in any living organism, the habitats of bioplasma are protein semiconductors, piezoelectric or organic compounds such as melanin, neuromelanin, melatonin, DNA, RNA, etc. [13]. Changing the information disclosed in the electrical profile in living organism and changed the biofield plasma. Bioplasma is the result of the biofield [14]. The electrical current present within the human body in the form of vibratory energy particles and they produce a magnetic field commonly known as biofield [15, 16]. Biofield (putative energy fields) or electromagnetic based energy therapies, used to promote health and healing that had been exclusively reported by National Institute of Health/National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NIH/NCCAM) [17]. Human has surround the putative energy barrier is known as biofield energy and the process is known as biofield energy treatment. Mr. Trivedi’s unique biofield treatment (The Trivedi effect®) has been extensively contributes in scientific communities in several fields [18-21]. Based on the clinical importance of this organism in the field of seafood industry, the work was undertaken to assess the effect of biofield energy treatment on V. parahaemolyticus in relation to biochemical characteristics and biotyping followed by 16S rDNA sequencing.

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