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This article explores the ways in which preschoolers, primary school children, and high school students utilize gestures and adaptors (unconscious movements that occur during conversation, such as finger twiddling). The study draws a comparison between adaptors and private speech, a concept extensively examined by prominent psychologists Vygotsky and Piaget.
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This page is a summary of: Adaptors and Private Speech from the Developmental Perspective, Cognitive Semantics, April 2025, De Gruyter,
DOI: 10.1163/23526416-bja10078.
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