What is it about?
The Agreement on the Conservation and Sustainable Use of Marine Biological Diversity of Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction, adopted in June 2023, enhances the existing frameworks of law of the sea and environmental law by addressing the critical issue of biodiversity in international waters. This Agreement aims to tackle pressing challenges such as ecosystem degradation caused by climate change, pollution, and unsustainable exploitation of marine resources. However, the effectiveness of the BBNJ Agreement and its measures hinges on the establishment of a robust dispute settlement regime. This article explores the final consensus on this mechanism, drawing insights from other multilateral conventions, including the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea and the 1995 Fish Stocks Agreement. While the Agreement generally aligns with the LOSC framework, it introduces innovative elements such as the advisory jurisdiction of the full ITLOS, yet it also encounters certain challenges.
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This page is a summary of: Dispute Settlement under the BBNJ Agreement, The International Journal of Marine and Coastal Law, April 2025, De Gruyter,
DOI: 10.1163/15718085-bja10233.
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