Comparison of the sensitivities of crustacean species to recombinant Photorhabdus insect-related (Pir) toxins of acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease-causing Vibrio parahaemolyticus

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Photorhabdus insect-related PirAvp [vp stands for Vibrio parahaemolyticus] and PirBvp of Vibrio parahaemolyticus were expressed in Escherichia coli, designated rPirAvp and rPirBvp, respectively, then tested on 4 crustaceans via immersion tests. PirBvp toxin was detected from 2 h after incubation and accumulated with bacterial growth. The culture filtrate of 15 nM PirBvp toxin caused 100% mortality of Litopenaeus vannamei within 4 days after immersion. Litopenaeus vannamei showed 100% mortality at 7 days after immersion in purified 4 nM rPirAvp, rPirBvp, or rPirAvp + rPirBvp mixture. The cumulative mortalities in the rPirAvp, rPirBvp or rPirAvp + rPirBvp mixture were 50%, 83%, and 100% in Macrobrachium rosenbergii after 12 days of immersion, 11%, 77%, and 100% in Palaemon paucidens after 10 days of immersion, and 36%, 96% and 100% in Macrophthalmus japonicus after 6 days of immersion, respectively.

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