What is it about?
Titanium biomaterials have a profound effect on adult mesenchymal stem cell responses. We have shown that Ti biomaterial surface modifications preclude a subset of MSCs to adhere and restricts cellular spreading compared to non-modified polished Ti. Correlation with stem cell pluripotency gene expression indicates the increased expression of pluripotency markers by hydrophilic micro-rough Ti topographies, which is explainable either as selective adherence of highly multipotent progenitors or cellular dedifferentiation.
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Why is it important?
Titanium biomaterials are widely used for endosseous orthopaedic and dental applications. While clinical performance metrics indicate substantial success in predominant number of cases of implant placement, a certain percentage of occurence of implant failure as well as possibilities of further enhancing implant performance by utilising the underlying cellular and molecular basis has prompted interest in evaluating the biological basis of implant-tissue responses. This particular study placed emphasis on mesenchymal stem cell responses to Ti biomaterials with modified topographies to evaluate effects on cellular multipotentiality.
Perspectives
I would like the results reported in this manuscript to enhance our understanding of stem cells from the perspective of the cytoskeleton in addition to genetics or protein marker expression. The cytoskeleton has in recent years been linked with different cell fate related mechanisms, of which cell aging is a crucial cellular aspect differing between undifferentiated stem cells and differentiated cells. Contextualising cell age within the framework of cellular heterogeneity of MSCs forms an important focus of research, which would generate insights to the benefit of the fields of stem cell biology, regenerative medicine and tissue engineering.
Mohammad Khan
University College London
Read the Original
This page is a summary of: Atypical Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Responses to Topographic Modifications of Titanium Biomaterials Indicate Cytoskeletal- and Genetic Plasticity-Based Heterogeneity of Cells, Stem Cells International, July 2019, Hindawi Publishing Corporation,
DOI: 10.1155/2019/5214501.
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