Educational Stratification in Perspectivee

What is it about?

We review the comparative literature on the impact of national-level educational institutions on inequality in student achievement. We focus on two types of institutions that characterize a country' educational system: school-type differentiation (between-school tracking) and standardization (e.g., with regard to central examinations and school autonomy). We examine two types of inequality: inequality in terms of dispersion of student test scores and inequality of opportunity by social background and race/ethnicity. We conclude that inequalities are magnified by national-level tracking institutions and that standardization decreases inequality.

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